The change in enthalpy for the combustion of magnesium metal Essay exam

The change in enthalpy for the combustion of magnesium metal Abstract ======== Hess’s law of heat summation states that the value of DH for a reaction is the same whether it occurs directly or as a series of steps. This principle was used to determine the change in enthalpy for a highly exothermic reaction, the combustion of magnesium metal. Enthalpy changes for the reactions of Mg in HCl (aq) and MgO (s) in HCl (aq) were determined experimentally, then added to that for the combustion of hydrogen gas to arrive at a value of –587 kJ/mol Mg. Compared with the accepted value of –601.8 kJ/mol Mg, our experimental error was 2.46%. Introduction In this investigation the change in enthalpy will be determined from the following equation: 2Mg + O2  ® 2MgO, but in an indirect manner. Magnesium metal burns with a bright extremely hot flame to produce magnesium oxide. It would be difficult to measure the heat of the reaction since the reaction is rapid and occurs at a high temperature (LeMay et al, 1996). So, to determine the change in enthalpy we will employ Hess’s Law of heat summation: It states that the value of DH for a reaction is the same whether it occurs directly or as a series of steps (LeMay et al, 1996). We will perform the two following reactions: Mg + 2HCl  ® MgCl2 + H2 and MgO + 2HCl  ® MgCl2 + H2O, determine their enthalpy changes (DHs), and they will then be â€Å"added† to that of a given equation, the combustion of water, H2 + 1/2 O2  ® H2O DH=-285.5 kJ/mol. In this investigation we will be working with potentially dangerous chemicals and safety precautions must be made. Magnesium oxide is a respiratory and eye irritant, the dust must not be inhaled and all work with MgO should be conducted in the fume hood ( Cartwright,... ...te, only having a 2.46% error. These errors may be accounted for by inaccurate measurements, mathematical mistakes, incomplete reactions, poor heat collection, incorrect recording of data, and poorly calibrated tools. To avoid such error one should label all materials, check each tool before use, take extra care in reading and recording of measurements, double check all calculations, and most of all be patient, labs take time and a rushed procedure leads to inaccurate data and incorrect analysis. Sources Cited Cartwright, H.(last revised 2002, November 5). Chemical and other Safety Information. The Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University. [online]. (accessed 2002, December, 4) LeMay, H.E.,Beall, H., Roblee, K.M., and Brower, D.C. (1996).Chemistry: Connections to our changing world, Laboratory Manual. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. The change in enthalpy for the combustion of magnesium metal Essay exam The change in enthalpy for the combustion of magnesium metal Abstract ======== Hess’s law of heat summation states that the value of DH for a reaction is the same whether it occurs directly or as a series of steps. This principle was used to determine the change in enthalpy for a highly exothermic reaction, the combustion of magnesium metal. Enthalpy changes for the reactions of Mg in HCl (aq) and MgO (s) in HCl (aq) were determined experimentally, then added to that for the combustion of hydrogen gas to arrive at a value of –587 kJ/mol Mg. Compared with the accepted value of –601.8 kJ/mol Mg, our experimental error was 2.46%. Introduction In this investigation the change in enthalpy will be determined from the following equation: 2Mg + O2  ® 2MgO, but in an indirect manner. Magnesium metal burns with a bright extremely hot flame to produce magnesium oxide. It would be difficult to measure the heat of the reaction since the reaction is rapid and occurs at a high temperature (LeMay et al, 1996). So, to determine the change in enthalpy we will employ Hess’s Law of heat summation: It states that the value of DH for a reaction is the same whether it occurs directly or as a series of steps (LeMay et al, 1996). We will perform the two following reactions: Mg + 2HCl  ® MgCl2 + H2 and MgO + 2HCl  ® MgCl2 + H2O, determine their enthalpy changes (DHs), and they will then be â€Å"added† to that of a given equation, the combustion of water, H2 + 1/2 O2  ® H2O DH=-285.5 kJ/mol. In this investigation we will be working with potentially dangerous chemicals and safety precautions must be made. Magnesium oxide is a respiratory and eye irritant, the dust must not be inhaled and all work with MgO should be conducted in the fume hood ( Cartwright,... ...te, only having a 2.46% error. These errors may be accounted for by inaccurate measurements, mathematical mistakes, incomplete reactions, poor heat collection, incorrect recording of data, and poorly calibrated tools. To avoid such error one should label all materials, check each tool before use, take extra care in reading and recording of measurements, double check all calculations, and most of all be patient, labs take time and a rushed procedure leads to inaccurate data and incorrect analysis. Sources Cited Cartwright, H.(last revised 2002, November 5). Chemical and other Safety Information. The Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, Oxford University. [online]. (accessed 2002, December, 4) LeMay, H.E.,Beall, H., Roblee, K.M., and Brower, D.C. (1996).Chemistry: Connections to our changing world, Laboratory Manual. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.

Artificial River Essay

APUS, Section 4 Mr. Gordinier January 8th, 2013 All situations and topics have multiple views and perspectives to them. A paradox exhibits contradictory aspects in which there is not either a single good or a bad, positive or negative. In The Artificial River The Erie Canal and the Paradox of Progress, 1817-1862, written by Carol Sheriff, there are many different examples of paradoxes. Towns initially saw the Canal having a negative impact on them, but realized it could help. The Canal provided for faster transportation, but in the case of a crash would take a long time to recover from. Also businessmen benefitted from the Canal, but other lost a lot of money because of it. The Canal provided dramatic change to the upstate New York area. In some cases this change resulted in prosperity and in others it resulted in failure and loss. At the time prior to building the Canal many negative impacts were the only things being considered. In 1826, a Canal Board was set up to deal with many of these complaints and problems. Most of the agreements and compromises were expressed through contracts made between the Canal Board and the people of the towns. Individuals questioned the right to take land to build the canal, water resources being used, and also commercial structures being built along the Canal. The thought of how much these commercial structures could drastically benefit these towns were not contemplated. When the Canal was built towns all along the route from Buffalo to Albany prospered from the revenue and the attraction the Canal brought with it. Whether the Canal was being used for business people, immigrants, settlers of the region, or tourists, the border-towns all had some appeal to these persons. After some time the state was continually asked to expand the Canal from the original route to include connecting canal routes. However, the same towns along the route from Buffalo to Albany had already been established along the lines of the original canal. These towns would need to be relocated in order to obey these new requests. This presented a major problem because the people in these towns had formed a life around the Canal and many of them made their income based of the Canal. The inhabitants of the towns changed their mentality from not wanting the Canal to invade on their lives, to it being an essential part of their lives they depended upon. The Erie Canal provided an extremely fast source of transportation compared to other ones of that time. A lot of the land that the Canal went through was uninhabited and therefore people weren’t able to move through these areas. Once the Canal was built it served as that pathway through these areas. The Canal also was a much cheaper source of transportation that was used by residents, tourists, emigrants, and workers during this time. Evangelical preachers used the artificial river to seek salvation among these people. Also the Canal helped to serve as an underground railroad, transporting slaves from Syracuse to Buffalo, near the Canadian border (Sheriff 53). The Canal not only sped up transportation, but also cost much less for goods to be delivered. Before the Canal goods from Albany to Buffalo would increase to five or six times their actual value just because of transportation. This helped business prosper and served as a positive aspect for the Canal. Although transportation was faster if a boat along the Canal crashed it would hold things up for a long time. A boat crashing had a chain effect on other boats because they then would be slowed down as well. People would not get where they needed to be on time was well as goods. A lot of the times if a boat did crash the goods were not able to be salvaged and hurt the business that owned them. There was also the issue of passing under bridges and how low they were. In a play of William Dunlap the brother of Amelia describes the inconvenience this was saying â€Å"In constant dread of lifting your head above your knees for fear of having it knock’d off your shoulders by a bridge† (Sheriff 55). Inconveniences such as these eventually encouraged travelers to find a different source of transportation; the railroad. The railroad had advantage over the Canal in the fact that it could run all year round. Individuals took advantage of the Canal and used it to help themselves gain profit. Businessmen and entrepreneurs saw the Canal as an opportunity to make money. Some bought their own boats and turned them into their business place. Boats were transformed to stores and markets in which people would buy off of them. Business was not only done on the Canal, but other men would use all the people, especially tourists, and try to sell consumer goods to them. A lot of times these vendors would scam people buying from them. They would sell fake remedies with false claims. Many times they would also trade counterfeit bills for items of actual value. The Canal helped solo merchants in a way that had never been done before. On the other hand the Canal was also very detrimental to many people as well. The people it affected were those whose land and water supply it had taken. When the Canal was built it ruined early settlers property such as the Archbalds. Frequently properties were cut in half. Once water was let into the Canal it caused a number of problems. Majorly because of poor workmanship and laziness water would stream out of the Canal and into farmers’ land. Fields and basements would be flooded, livestock would be injured, and gardens would be damaged. Also the workers feet would trample over fields, showing no regard or carefulness of their surroundings. One farmer claimed that workers torn down his fence simply for their own amusement. Without a healthy stock of crops the farmers would not make as much money and financially were negatively affected by the Canal. The Erie Canal had widely varying results on the people it impacted. Businessmen and entrepreneurs received financial success through the Canal while farmers and people already established along the lines of the Canal seemed to be negatively affected by it. There is no question transportation was faster and cheaper than any other source around that time. Communities and towns both benefitted from the Canal being around them. Initially there was a great amount of hype surrounding the Canal and all this hype brought people. Businesses thrived off these tourists and newcomers. Positives and negatives came from the opening of the artificial river that would change history forever.

Corn Coffee Essay

Corn ranks second to rice, not only in terms of area devoted to its production but it has been a staple food of about 20% of the total population of the Filipinos. Aside from this, the green corn, boiled or roasted, is a popular snack food and may also be cooked a vegetable or soup. Other by-products of corn include corn flour and syrup, sugar and oil. In terms of nutritive value, corn is richer source of vitamin A than polished rice. It contains high amounts of minerals such as calcium and phosphorous. Moreover, it is also a source of starch derivatives for oil, fibers and other industrial uses. Corn is raised as source of food and food products for people, livestock feed, and industrial products including ceramics, explosives, construction materials, metal molds, paints, paper goods, textiles, industrial alcohols, and ethanol. Corn is now also used to produce a healthy coffee as people nowadays are health conscious. Since corn coffee was introduced in the Manila market by the farmers of Sumilao, Bukidnon, further study about corn coffee in Region III (Central Luzon) was made since corn is abundant on the said region. Distribution of questionnaires and analysis activities conducted to determine the frequency distribution of corn coffee in the market because this is not the first to introduce corn coffee in the Philippine market especially in Manila. On the data gathered, 98% of the respondents are coffee drinkers, majority of them are young professionals, 91% of them have no knowledge about corn coffee, 88% are willing to try corn coffee and 22% have no idea what would corn coffee would taste like. With this data, Le Maiz come up on marketing strategies how to introduce and expand the corn coffee market in Region III and NCR. Corn Cafe is an alternative to coffee beans that is rich in nutrients that coffee beans can not provide. The company’s objective is to fit in and adapt to the people’s taste and preferences as well as offering diverse kinds of nutritious products. Effective marketing program and strategy would be made in order to meet the established objective. The marketing strategies will consist of flyers, radio and newspaper advertisements, trade fairs, vis-a-vis contact with customers. 10% of the gross sale will be allocated on marketing the product. On technical aspect, the production of corn coffee is simple, healthy and all natural that it has only one ingredient, which is the corn alone, no additives and a healthy alternative of drinking coffee. Preparation of corn before roasting is the first step in making our product, roasting, grinding/ pulverizing are the main activities in making corn coffee. Packaging and putting into the storage were done before putting on the distribution channel like our selling area, inner-retail coffee stands as well as supermarkets within our designated market. On this study, corn coffee production started January 2011. Corn was purchased at the average of Php15 per kilo. The sum of 15,600 kilograms of Corn were purchased during 2011 while on 2012 to 2015, 12,480 kilograms of corn were purchased. Also, part of Raw Materials inventories are Packaging Slip and Sticker. 60,000 pcs. were purchased respectively. Around 1% has incurred in transportation cost and other miscellaneous expense. Purchases Return and Allowances is expected to be 1% of Gross Purchases while Purchase Discount will be 2% Net of Freight In. The production of coffee is continuous process thus leaving no goods in progress beginning or ending. This is in line with company’s policy to keep the product fresh and all natural. Sales Return and Allowances is expected to be 1% of Gross Sales. Sales Discount of 2% is given to cash buyers but only 5% of Gross Sales will avail the discount. Operating expenses is divided into 2 category; Distribution Cost and Administrative Cost. For Distribution cost for 2011( % of Gross Sales ); Traveling 1%, Advertising 5%, Delivery 10% and Depreciation expense based on Straight Line Depreciation of 5yrs. For Administrative cost ( % of Gross Sales ); Officers’ Salaries, 3 partners assumed as managing partners with annual salary of 96,000. 00 each. The Pre-operating cost Php 9,454. 00 has been incurred which include DTI registration, Dole registration, BIR Fee, SSS registration, Police Clearance, Barangay Clearance and Business Permit issued by Tarlac City Hall. Office supplies is 10%, Depreciation Expense ( Straight Line Depreciation of 5 yrs. ), Lease Payment ( 40% to Administration ), other expenses is 1%. On socio-economic aspect, we have shown the significance of our business and its contributions to the society. Its share to community and to its people is to create employment and thus improving the standard of living of people in the community. It can also help the community development by way of paying taxes in the government. It is through taxes paid by businesses and individuals that the government funded its projects such as roads, bridges, and community development. Lowering of prices of competitors to compete with the product in order to maintain the customers. We could also help the people in community by utilizing local materials which is very abundant in the province. We can motivate farmers to grow corn and not just corn but corn of good quality. Our business can be the pride of our province since it’s inclined with the program of the Department of Trade and Industry which is the â€Å"One Town One Product†. Lastly, the Le Maiz proponents chose partnership as the form of organization. Aside from the six (6) partners, we will be hiring three (3) employees to help to produce and market the healthy and nutritious coffee. Le Maiz with a mission, to provide coffee drinkers quality products, quality service, affordable prices and a healthy lifestyle. Competent and responsible employees will be hired for the success of the company. The company shall also continue working for innovative and efficient ways of achieving the company’s goals. The company’s vision are to be number one (1) corn coffee in the Philippines; to expand not only in Central Luzon and NCR but throughout the country as well; to build own production and distribution facilities and to adopt new technologies and methodologies. The company decided a hierarchical type of organizational chart. The capitalist partners will act as the general manager and three of the six (6) partners will be managing partners whom will receive monthly salary as well as the three (3) employees. On Administrative Department, the Administrative Officer/ Purchasing Officer will be the crucial person in the organization, he assumes the full control on the organization’s activities and is responsible for all decisions undertaken by the organization, responsible in monitoring and managing the production of corn coffee, counter checks the financial position of the organization, handles all personnel and the daily business activities, purchase ordered and will deliver on time to the production area and hold the budget for purchases of raw materials and shall provide summary or report of the used and unused funds. On Sales Department, the Marketing Officer/ Salesperson is responsible for the all related selling activities, product development, packaging, proposes new ideas for improvement and replacement, communicating with suppliers of materials and know the current trend in the market. For the Inventory Officer, he is responsible in listing down sales, the used materials and finished products. Must be alert, with good communication skills, trustworthy and diligent. The three (3) employees that will work for the company were the Machine Operator, responsible on the control of the machine in producing corn coffee, Packager, for packaging of the finished products and Delivery Man, he will act as the driver and responsible in delivering the finished products to our target markets.

USS Idaho BB-42 World War II Battleships

USS Idaho BB-42 World War II Battleships USS Idaho  (BB-42)   Overview Nation:  United StatesType:  BattleshipShipyard:  New York  ShipbuildingLaid Down:  January 20, 1915Launched:  June 30, 1917Commissioned:  March 24, 1919Fate:  Sold for scrap Specifications (as built) Displacement:  32,000 tonsLength:  624  ft.Beam:  97.4 ft.Draft:  30 ft.Propulsion:  Geared  turbines turning 4 propellersSpeed:  21  knotsComplement:  1,081  men Armament 12  Ãƒâ€" 14 in. gun (4  Ãƒâ€" 3)14 Ãâ€" 5 in. guns2 Ãâ€" 21 in. torpedo tubes Design Construction Having conceived and moved forward with five classes of dreadnought battleships (,  ,  ,  Wyoming, and  New York), the US Navy concluded that future designs should utilize of a set of common tactical and operational traits.   This would allow these vessels to operate together in combat and would simplify logistics.   Designated the Standard-type, the next five classes were propelled by  oil-fired boilers instead of coal, did away with amidships turrets, and carried an â€Å"all or nothing† armor scheme.   Among these alterations, the change to oil was made with the goal of increasing the vessel’s range as the US Navy believed that this would be critical in any future naval war with Japan.   The new all or nothing armor approach called for key  areas of the battleship, such as magazines and engineering, to be heavily protected while less important spaces were left unarmored.   Also, Standard-type battleships were to be capable of a  minimum top sp eed of 21 knots and have a tactical turn radius of 700 yards or less.    The characteristics of the Standard-type were first employed in the  Nevada-  and  Pennsylvania-classes.   As a successor to the latter, the  New Mexico-class at first was envisioned as the US Navys first dreadnought design to mount 16 guns.   Due to extended arguments over designs and rising costs, the Secretary of the Navy elected to forgo using the new guns and ordered that the new type to replicate the  Pennsylvania-class with only minor changes.   As a result, the three vessels  of the  New Mexico-class, USS  New Mexico  (BB-40), USS  Mississippi  (BB-41), and USS  Idaho  (BB-42), each carried a main battery of twelve 14 guns mounted in four triple turrets.   These were supported by a secondary armament of fourteen 5 guns.   While  New Mexico  received an experimental turbo-electric transmission as part of its power plant,  the other two battleships carried more traditional geared turbines.      Ã‚        Ã‚   The contract for construction of Idaho went to the New York Shipbuilding Company  in Camden, NJ and work commenced on January 20, 1915.   This proceeded over the next thirty months and on June 30, 1917, the new battleship slid down the ways with Henrietta Simons, granddaughter of Idaho Governor Moses Alexander, serving as sponsor.   As the United States had become engaged in World War I in April, workers pressed to complete the vessel.   Completed too late for the conflict, it entered commission on March 24, 1919, with Captain Carl T. Vogelgesang in command. Early Career Departing Philadelphia,  Idaho  steamed south and conducted a shakedown cruise off Cuba.   Returning north, it embarked Brazilian President Epitacio Pessoa at New York and carried him back to Rio de Janeiro.   Completing this voyage,  Idaho  shaped a course for the Panama Canal and proceeded on to Monterey, CA where it joined the Pacific Fleet.   Reviewed by President Woodrow Wilson in September, the battleship carried Secretary of the Interior John B. Payne and  Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels on an inspection tour of Alaska the following year.   Over the next five years,  Idaho  moved through routine training cycles and maneuvers with the Pacific Fleet.   In April 1925, it sailed for Hawaii where the battleship took part in war games before proceeding on to make goodwill visits to Samoa and New Zealand. Resuming training activities,  Idaho  operated from San Pedro, CA until 1931 when it received orders to proceed to Norfolk for a major modernization.   Arriving on September 30, the battleship entered the yard and had its secondary armament expanded, anti-torpedo bulges added, its superstructure altered, and new machinery installed.   Completed in October 1934,  Idaho  conducted a shakedown cruise in the Caribbean before proceeding back to San Pedro the following spring.   Conducting fleet maneuvers and war games over the next few years, it shifted to Pearl Harbor on July 1, 1940.   The following June, Idaho sailed for Hampton Roads to prepare for an assignment with the Neutrality Patrol.   Tasked with protecting the sea lanes in the western Atlantic from German submarines, it operated from Iceland.   It was there on December 7, 1941, when the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor and the United States entered World War II. World War II      Immediately dispatched with Mississippi to reinforce the shattered Pacific Fleet, Idaho reached Pearl Harbor on January 31, 1942.   For much of the year, it conducted exercises around Hawaii and the West Coast until entering Puget Sound Navy Yard in October.   While there the battleship received new guns and had its anti-aircraft armament enhanced.   Ordered to the Aleutians in April 1943, it provided naval gunfire support for American forces when they landed on Attu the following month.   After the island was recaptured, ​Idaho shifted to Kiska and aided in operations there until August.   Following  a stop in San Francisco in September, the battleship moved to the Gilbert Islands in November to aid in the landings on Makin Atoll.   Bombarding the atoll, it remained in the area until American forces eliminated Japanese resistance.    On January 31, Idaho supported the invasion of Kwajalein in the Marshall Islands.   Aiding the Marines ashore until February 5, it then departed to strike other nearby islands before steaming south to bombard Kavieng, New Ireland.   Pressing on to Australia, the battleship made a brief visit before returning north as an escort for a group of escort carriers.   Reaching Kwajalein, Idaho  steamed on to the Marianas where it commenced a pre-invasion bombardment of Saipan on June 14.   Shortly thereafter, it moved on Guam where it struck targets around the island.   As the Battle of the Philippine Sea raged on June 19-20,  Idaho  protected the American transports and reserve forces.   Replenishing at Eniwetok, it returned to the Marianas in July to support the landings on Guam.    Moving to Espiritu Santo, Idaho underwent repairs in a floating dry dock in mid-August before joining American forces for the invasion of Peleliu in September.   Beginning  a bombardment of the island on September 12, it continued firing until September 24.   In need of an overhaul,  Idaho  left Peleliu and touched at Manus before proceeding on Puget Sound Navy Yard.   There it underwent repairs and had its anti-aircraft armament altered.   Following refresher training off California, the battleship sailed for Pearl Harbor before ultimately moving on to Iwo Jima.   Reaching the island in February, it joined in the pre-invasion bombardment and supported the landings on the 19th.   On March 7, Idaho  departed to prepare for the invasion of  Okinawa.    Final Actions Serving as the flagship of Bombardment Unit 4 in the Gunfire and Covering Group,  Idaho  reached Okinawa on March 25 and began attacking Japanese positions on the island.   Covering the landings on April 1, it endured numerous kamikaze attacks in the following days.   After downing five on April 12, the battleship sustained hull damage from a near miss.   Making temporary repairs, Idaho  was withdrawn and ordered to Guam.   Further repaired, it returned to Okinawa on May 22 and provided naval gunfire support to the troops ashore.   Departing on June 20, it shifted the Philippines where it was engaged in maneuvers in Leyte Gulf when the war ended on August 15.   Present in Tokyo Bay on September 2 when the Japanese surrendered aboard USS  Missouri  (BB-63),  Idaho  then sailed for the Norfolk.   Reaching that port on October 16, it remained idle for the next several months until being decommissioned on July 3, 1946.   Initially placed in reserve, Idaho  was sold for scrap on November 24, 1947.    Selected Sources: DANFS: USS  Idaho  (BB-42)NHHC: USS  Idaho  (BB-42)USS  Idaho  Pride

Middle eastern music final question examples Essay Example

Middle eastern music final question examples Essay Example Middle eastern music final question examples Paper Middle eastern music final question examples Paper Essay Topic: Poetry The Egyptians and the Arab audiences in general felt connected to Kulthum because they heard their own stories in her songs and she represented and supported the Arab world through her performances One learns that her old fashioned ways included a preference to be interviewed without the means of recording t/f true Kulthum insisted that her band musicians had to learn new songs aurally she was against the use of music scores t/f true Kulthums roots were within the egyptian countryside; she was from a poor religious family She began her singing career as a child, along her fathers side, singing at religious celebrations (mulids) When she moved to Cairo in the 1920s, the city was thriving and cosmopolitan, but under British rule The technology that mostly promoted her career was radio Kulthum supported the 1952 revolution and Nasser. True or False? True Kulthum supported King Farouk and the British. True or False? False Kulthum financially supported the Egyptian government in the 1960s. True or False? True The Egyptians compared Kulthum with pyramids Kulthums stage presence: Which TWO of the following statements are true? 1. She encouraged people to dance along with her on the stage. 2. She used to hold a handkerchief as her personal trademark. 3. She looked very formal. 2 and 3 Some of the interviewees seemed eager to sing their personal Kulthum favorite song in front of the camera Kulthum was praised for her strong sense of nationalism. true Kulthums improvisational / embellishment skills are associated with: the concept and manifestation of tarab Which of the following is not a characteristic of classical music genres (consider both western and Arab classical music genres)? old, historical, large ensembles, formal context (all of the above) During the late 19th century, this music was performed in all but one of the following venues: Village/Rural weddings One of the following musical instruments is not included in the core takht ensemble: tabla The nay has a characteristic _______________ timbre. breathy The only zither chordophone in the takht ensemble is the: qanun One of the following musical genres is not part of the wasla form: shabi The highly expressive Layali (featured in track 14) is an improvisatory genre. true Track 14 is non-metrical. true Track 12 uses the __________ iqa. samai The iqa in the taqtuqa Il bahr nayim is played by the: riqq Which of the following is not an example of the expressions shouted out by the audience when experiencing tarab (refer to What makes Arab music unique on the content tab)? oh my eye what did we do to you to do this? are you trying to make us die today? (all of them) Is Music Haram? Which one of the following is true? the issue is contentious In an effort to address the issue of permissibility of music, Islamic scholars primarily look into: the quran and the hadith One of the following types of music has suffered much less from censorship that the rest: chanted poetry The following aspect is taken in consideration when examining the permissibility of a piece of music: context and content of lyrics In Turkey under Kemal Ataturk (see the related video Be Happy, its an Order on the content tab), the villagers were forced to listen to: western classical music Sufis (followers of Sufism, which is the mystical branch of Islam): embrace music as part of their rituals According to the hadith reviewed in the textbook, frame drums: are halal The interpolation of religious lyrics in a pop song is generally considered: blasphemous In Pop music; singing of a beloved homeland (see content tab), we learn that Islamic extremists banned rai claiming that: it embraced Western ways and featured sexually explicit lyrics Right after the Islamic revolution of 1979: Several Iranian singers left the country since music was banned Sherry Bijan and 3P (see their related music videos on the content tab), contemporary Iranian female singers, dont show their faces on their music videos because: if caught, they may be sentenced Iranian rap is: thriving but mostly underground Amr Diab is a singer of: shababi The song Albi ikhtarak: has similarities w/ Santanas smooth and has Latin/Spanish influences Tamally maak: is a shababi song and features a guitar The lyrics of Is salamu alaykum are more poetic that those of Tamally maak true or false false The Egyptian authorities frowned upon Hakim because of his use of the expression is-salamu alaykum shabi songs are upbeat and feature memorable choruses and have their roots in folk music Shabi emerged in the 1970s because the times were prosperous. true of false false Shabi emerged in the 1970s at a time when the Egyptians were looking for an alternative sound to that of Umm Kulthum and the old masters of tarab music. true of false true The sound of early shabi (listen to Ahmed Adawiyyas Bent El Sultan located on the content tab) sounds closer to classical Arab music with its use of a large firqa orchestra. true or false false Shabi music keeps the following musical elements of past musical traditions (tip: read textbook carefully; see close to the end of the chapter): iqa and maqam and call and response The lyrics of Hakims Il-kalam da kabir (textbook CD track 26) talk about a fathers agony in search of his lost son. true or false false Il-kalam da kabir (textbook CD track 26) features the ___________ iqa. saidi Contemporary shabi music (listen to Egypt 3 Cairo underground on the content tab): incorporates DJs and samples The shabi song Youll go to hell (listen to Egypt 3 Cairo underground on the content tab) targets singers who appear on sexually provocative music videos

How Social Networking Sites Help Employers to Communicate Effectively Essay

How Social Networking Sites Help Employers to Communicate Effectively with Employees - Essay Example This phenomenon of communication through social networks has a greater impact in workplaces. This is because it has presented an opportunity for employers and employees to engage in their workplace under collective basis. FaceBook, Twitter, MySpace and LinkedIn are the four major social networking sites that are enhancing communication across the world. Effective communication using social media within workplaces is mainly reinforced by their ability to reach instantaneously to a vast number of people in an organization. It has also laid a platform that allows two way communications through instant messaging available in the chat rooms. In addition, effective communication has also been enhanced in the workplaces among employers and employees due to their easy accessibility and usability. This is because in the current world social networking sites are readily available to everyone who is able to use a smart phone or a computer. These factors have enhanced higher adoption of social s ites masking them the fundamental part of organizations every day’s life. This paper work focuses on how social networking sites help employers communicate more effectively with employees in order to enhance higher productivity and other added values at workplaces. Communication power of social networking sites in workplaces Internet and social networking media have greatly contributed to fundamental changes concerning ways in which people interact in the business world and other private spheres. Companies and other corporate organization across the world have played a catch-up in order to understand ways of harnessing the emerging technologies for better management. Employers in various organizations have responded to the rising technology in the modern world to facilitate relationships with their employees through social media. Various online communication channels such as emails and other instant messaging have changed efficiency and nature of communication processes in bu sinesses and other organizations. This is by maintaining relationships among working colleagues in order to enhance their primary roles. Since it is difficult for employers to contact all employees in their business organizations, social networking sites have provided an opportunity for them to have quicker and faster communication (Jue, Marr, & Kassotakis, 2009). In case of issues that need instant attention, employers are always in a position to send the messages through social networks such as MySpace and LinkedIn to their employees. This enables information to reach all employees within a short time making them to have quick reaction and decision toward what the employer require them to do. This has facilitated better collaboration of all subordinate workers and their employer in work places. Collaboration has greatly transformed work outputs in businesses and other organization due to effective communication between managers and their employees through networks that promote tea mwork (Kaupins, 2011). Frequent communication between employers and employees has also allowed everybody to contribute in enhancing better performance of organizations. This is because communication allows every subordinate member in an organization to grow together in a team. In addition, it has also been noted that most of the employees are young generation who are always determined to use social networking

Network topology design & layout Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Network topology design & layout - Essay Example The company will also need two WWW servers so that one is for its internal management and another for external users. Furthermore, a mail server will also be crucial in this case. For the sake of ABC company security, it is crucial that outsiders should not gain access to the internal CVS or internal WWW servers whatsoever. For a start-up open source software company as the company ABC, it would be a great challenge to fully implement an effectively secured network. In this study we therefore purpose to realize the company with the above specifications. Below is a graphical representation of the network design layout. It is very risky running an entire company on a personal computer. The ABC Company needs to watch over servers that handle the web based systems with advanced expertise. Such servers in this case include CVS and WWW servers. In terms of security assumptions, it is important for the company to make its security appear good as argued by Cheswick et al (2003) that this is enough to deter attackers. It is also important to make simple security arrangement since complex things are harder to comprehend and might even be nightmare to their designer (Cheswick et al, 2003, pp.5). For a young company as ABC, it would be inappropriate to use huge security-sensitive programs because in most cases such programs have acted as sources of security problems. Furthermore, the companys network designer must keep security assumptions in mind and see to it that the security is an integral part of the original design. Let us begin by considering this typical policy: Internal users are trusted, and with permitted Internet access they are able to initiate ongoing TCP connections, issue DNS queries, be able to run ping trace-route and set their clock aided by external time server (Cheswick et al, 2003, pp.5). Secondly, the outsiders should not be able to initiate access to the internal world.