Mephistopheles

Literature offers a great beginning to anything. From literature come so many ideas and characters that can fill up one’s imagination and carry on a certain tradition for ages. Many supernatural characters, like demons, have eventually been carried over from old literature. An example of one would be Mephistopheles. Mephistopheles is one of the seven chief demons from hell (Faust). He was originally featured in European literature traditions, German to be exact (Wikipedia). He starts as a cruel and cold-hearted fictional character, in the Legend of Faust, and carries on making appearances in other novels, plays, and songs.The name Mephistopheles came from Hebrew, where Mephitz means â€Å"destroyer† and tophel means â€Å"liar† (Etymonline). Others believe Mephistopheles may also mean â€Å"he who shuns the light† (White Roses Garden). The Legend of Faust by Johann Wolfgang van Goethe, written in 1773, introduces the character of Mephistopheles (Donald Tys on). Mephistopheles is a shape shifter who can shape into many forms, and his main purpose in the legend is to destroy and tempt Faust (White Roses Garden).Basically, he tries to trick Faust into selling his soul (Faust). Through Goethe’s book, he is known as a â€Å"fallen angel† as he clearly states to Faust† (Faust). â€Å"A late comer in the infernal hierarchy, Mephistopheles never became an integral part of the tradition of magic and demonology that predated by him for thousands of years. Mephistopheles achieves tragic grandeurs as he is torn between satanic pride and dark despair† (Encyclopedia Britannica). Other than the Faust legend, the name Mephistopheles is mentioned in various forms of modern culture. He takes place as â€Å"Mephistophilus† in Shakespeare’s Merry Wives of Windsor (Act 1, Sc 1, line 128) and in a book by John Banville (1911 Encyclopedia).The name Mephistopheles has been mentioned in songs by Radiohead, Watain, the Police, and much more. He is all too familiar in television and movies like: SNL, Family Guy, South Park, Batman Begins, The Dark Knight, and Ghost Rider. Mephistopheles also occurs in video games, board games, operas, comics, stage plays, and other literature (Wikipedia). â€Å"Mephistopheles is one of the demons of hell according to Christian literature and legend. He is mentioned in virtually every version of the Faust story as the infernal agent who entices the scholar to sell his soul to the devil† (White Roses Garden).This name has become well known and been mentioned in several forms of modern and pop culture (Faust). â€Å"The host of hell has also inspired numerous plays, paintings, and works of music† (White Roses Garden). Mephistopheles is a character who can be used in many forms of culture and has been created from the Legend of Faust. His dark and brooding personality makes him stand out, and it is likely that he will be remembered for generations to come .Works Cited Changeri, Heather. â€Å"Mephistopheles. † White Roses Garden. 2007. October 11, 2010 Harper, Douglas. â€Å"Mephistopheles. † Etymonline. 2010. October 10, 2010 n. p. â€Å"Mephistopheles. † Wikipedia. October 8, 2010. October 13, 2010 n. p. â€Å"Mephistopheles. † Faust. 2006. October 11, 2010 n. p. â€Å"Mephistopheles. † Encyclopedia  Britannica. 2008. Encylopedia Britannica Online. October 13, 2010. n. p. â€Å"Mephistopheles† 1911 Encyclopedia. 2009. 1911 Encyclopedia Online. October 11, 2010. n. p. â€Å"List of Cultural References of Mephistopheles† Wikipedia. 12 September 2010. October 19, 2010. < http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/List_of_cultural_references_to_Mephistopheles> Tyson, Donald. â€Å"Mephistopheles† Donald Tyson. n. d. October 21, 2010.

Books can change our lives Essay

Books significantly impact and shape our lives as it can provide a vast and constant amount of knowledge that we can use in a variety of ways. They are also essential tools in education as they serve as permanent references for individuals who constantly need to educate or update themselves with information. In addition, certain books can also serve as a form of relief from the stresses of daily life by bringing us to different worlds and places that exists only in the imagination. One of the most important uses of a book is that it provides information. Whether it’s simply a basic chemical formula or equation, an economic principle, or a history of a certain country, a book can provide them all. A book on English, for example, can teach us the proper norms of grammar, pronunciation, and also widen our vocabulary, which can all be useful as we grow up and become professionals in our respective fields. Furthermore, in the field of medicine, books serve as important references for doctors and other health personnel as there are constantly new diseases and cures that are being discovered. These professionals in the health field can utilize the valuable information they obtain from a book in various ways such as diagnosing a patient’s disease or looking up a possible treatment for a certain illness or ailment. In other words, the next scientific or medical breakthrough can be found in a book. Books can also enrich our knowledge of our own culture and background. Through a good history book, we can trace how our founding fathers established our country or how the Bill of Rights was created. In short, books that provide facts and detailed information can greatly improve our intellectual capacity as well as our ability reasoning and analytical skills which we often use in our daily lives. Another way that a book can change our lives is that it inspires and feeds our imagination. This kind of book is usually in the form of fictional novels, plays, and rich literature that can take us to places we never thought we could go to. Whether it’s marveling at the works of Shakespeare, unraveling spooky mysteries with Stephen King’s novels or simply taking a stroll with the pilgrims in Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, books that are rich in literature and creativity can inspire us to create a world similar to those that we have read about. Moreover, these kinds of books provide deeper meaning in life by showing various sides of art and various interpretations of human life. These books can also give us different perspectives in life and can even motivate us to use and express our creative skills by writing books of our own. However, the most significant way that a book can change our lives is that the information that it provides can be shared to other people. This information can enlighten those who are confused and enhance the knowledge of those who are already well-informed. Sharing the information found in books, especially to the uneducated, can inspire them to work hard and eventually provide a better life for themselves. For example, it is possible that a relatively poor man who constantly reads good books can eventually obtain a college degree simply because he used all the information he acquired from the books he has read. It can then be said that reading books and sharing the information obtained from them can immortalize us in a way as the knowledge we posses is passed down to younger and future generations. In conclusion, books can change our lives by simply providing us with in-depth information, sources of inspiration, and valuable knowledge that we can use to continuously hone our skills and talents and eventually become better people. Books can make us the next Nobel Prize Awardee, the next CEO of a major corporation, or the next award-winning writer in the future depending on how we use the information we acquire from them. In short, it can be deduced that books are almost a necessity for us to succeed in life and become highly competent and well-rounded persons.

Business Accounting and Ethical Standards

A) The duty of the auditor arises from the ASA 315 which in conjunction with ASA 570 on Going Concern wherein he has to see if there is an environment which leads to misstatement of records. He should accordingly recalibrate his assessment. With the new evidence, he should check if there exists a material uncertainty and therefore conjectures to the ability of the pany to continue as a Going Concern. With the new evidence, the auditor will see the following that there is an immense doubt on the fact whether the pany can continue as a Going Concern and therefore adequate disclosures are made pointing to such events which creates such conjectures on the pany to continue as a Going Concern. Here, King & Queen (K & Q) auditor are auditors of Impulse since 2005. They should be aware that there are liquidity problems in the pany. Hence applying ASA 570 and dictated by their duty in Sec 295 (4) of the Corporations Act, K & Q auditor should have done additional audit procedures to check the viability of the Going Concern assumption. These could include points like valuation of inventory,   receivable realisations. This will stamp the fact that if there is a risk of Going concern and whether such facts will be disclosed. Hence they have not done their duty as per audit standards and mon law. As a result, there is a transgression of proper professional skill and standards In a case of Esanda Finance Corp Ltd vs. Peat Marwick Hungerford’s[1], there is a landmark High Court ruling. This has thrown light and made it clear about their view on earlier judgements and revised their mistakes in the past judgements. They have now eliminated the liability of the auditor in a third party liability. In that they have tested the bined facts of Proximity, Reliance and Causation. The case is similar to this case study where Esanda had an economic deprivation when they sanctioned the loan to the pany on the back of the auditor’s report analysis. It satisfied itself whether auditor to be held liable. The courts concluded that there was a mere reporting to the shareholders and not to the financiers. They did not have any clairvoyance that lenders would act based on this report. This is in spite of the fact that they were aware that report did not indicate a true and fair view of financial statements. Since they did not anticipate that the financier will b e using the report, K & Q auditor should have made it clear that the report would be analysed and used verbatim by the lenders and hence a probability of loss could be there; It is stated that Esanda unreasonably depended on the audit report and did not perform diligence themselves to convince of the finances of the borrower The Court held that auditor has not breached duty of care and used the test of Proximity & Causation in their conclusion. Depending on this case, K & Q auditor were not aware that the report would have been used by EFL Finance for lending. The finance pany lent to Impulse by relying on the report and did not conduct an independent diligence. Depending on the case of Proximity, Reliance and Causation, K & Q auditor remained within their limits of duty of care and hence are not liable to EFL Finance b) If Esanda had ab initio mentioned to K & Q auditor that they will use the report for deciding on lending to Impulse, it can be concluded that the test of Proximity and Reliance are maintained. Hence K & Q auditor may exercise reasonable care keeping in mind that one of the intended audiences is EFL Finance who will rely on the audit procedures of K & Q auditor. Hence they need to collect audit evidence and reach a conclusion in their audit report keeping in mind the reader. Even after such mention, if the procedures on inventory and debtors are not done by K & Q auditor, then they have transgressed the precincts of care and their pliance with Proximity, Reliance has failed. As a result, the Causation factor or cause of economic loss has been triggered and accordingly K & Q auditor will be liable to EFL Finance in this scenario 2A) This is defined by APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, Independence prises of: Independence of Mind (Actual Independence) – This expects a mental state which ensures that the auditor acts as an objective and independent person. His opinion will therefore be free from any vested interests and influences. Independence in Appearance (Perceived independence) – Auditor to maintain his image and standard such that any third party will not raise any doubt on his independence and credentials to form an opinion. Independence of the mind or actual independence involves objectivity of the mental condition and mental state and his objectivity to react to specific situations. An auditor who is truly independent has the ability to make non vested decisions in spite of the prejudices. However, since the state of mind where he is perceived to have colluded with the pany and promised his principles is highly volatile, it cannot be objectively benchmarked with respect to time and environment. Therefore, the test of Independence in Appearance or â€Å"Perceived Independence† needs to e upheld wherein he shows the same consistency in behaviour to a knowledgeable person and his client equally. Perceived independence can be measured based on how close the audit member is to the client and he gets any pecuniary benefits for the same. This could also include a dependency test on his economic drive with one client measured to his total revenue. Perceived independence accentuates the credibility of th e report and opinion expressed by the auditor and therefore his opinion is worth the salt. (i) Bob – Principle of Confidentiality is a key point of APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants wherein information extracted in a professional engagement is not to be disclosed to any third party without specific authority nor use it for personal benefits provided there is no legal and official reason to reveal. In the instant situation, Bob copied confidential information which was used for his personal benefit of finishing his university assignments though it did not contain the Club Casino name. Even if you remove the name of the client in the assignment, it does not remove the fact that confidentiality was predominantly breached. This being used for vested interest and not professional interest, there is no possibility of cover up with any alternate action. (ii) Wendy – Wendy is a partner in an audit firm. She has been assigned post of pany Secretary (CS) position in the same pany who is her audit client. This triggers Clause 290.142 of APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants. Assignment of such staff is pointing to a self review threat which could have been absolved if it was for only a temporary period. But that not is the case, wherein Wendy has been given the post on a permanent basis. Her position is close to the pany triggering self-review and advocacy threats. Hence there is no way the threat can be brought to acceptable level. Per AUST290.148.1, a pany Secretary is an Officer under the Corporations Act. Wendy cannot act as a temporary partner in the client.   The only way is to resign from the audit engagement. (iii) Leo- Leo is a close member of the audit group and his elative prepares the financials and statements in the firm. The opinion to be expressed on such cash flows has a conflict for Leo. The threat therefore can be minimised to Acceptable level if Leo is replaced and he is restricted from working on such assignments where his relative has an influence in making the base documents to be audited. Per APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, it is r mended that Leo to be removed from the audit since his father has a more than significant influence (iv) Chan & Associates – If Chan holds stake, such stake will not create an independence threat if the business relationship is insignificant to Chan, his audit form and the pany where he holds stake. Such stake should also not create an ability to control the pany and it is immaterial to him. But here Chan has 25% equity in the entity which is high and can create two threats namely self interest/intimidation. Per APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants, Chan has to relinquish his stake and resign from his audit engagement responsibility of Classic Reproductions. Accounting Professional & Ethical Standards Board, (2008).  APES 110 Code of Ethics for Professional Accountants. Australia. Auasb.gov.au. (2016).  Australian Auditing Standards. [online] Available at: https://www.auasb.gov.au [Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Auditing and Assurance Standards Board, (2013).  Auditing Standard ASA 570 Going Concern. Austlii.edu.au. (2016).  ASA 570 - Going Concern - April 2006. [online] Available at: https://www.austlii.edu.au/ [Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Cpaaustralia .au. (2016).  Accounting professional and ethical standards. [online] Available at: https://www.cpaaustralia .au [Accessed 12 Dec. 2016]. Nguyen, V. and Rajapakse, P. (2008). An Analysis of the Auditors' Liability to Third Parties in Australia. mon Law World Review

Economics of UAE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Economics of UAE - Essay Example In the middle of 1980s, formation of major organizations began that came to force the growth of the Dubai tourism group. During 1985, the state developed Emirates Airlines, using Dubai airport like its major center. During 1989, the Dubai Tourism Board remained established thus focusing on worldwide advertisings and posing Dubai like not only a business center but also an alternative objective. It was during 1997 when it changed to the Department of Tourism and Commerce Marketing (DTCM) (Baumgarten, 2010:98). The DTCM being the owner of the tourism industry, together with the aid of several major institutions and organizations of the group, conducted the initial yearly Dubai shopping celebration in 1996. During 1997, Jumeirah Group remained developed like a hotel organization industry. The industry currently has a portfolio of the great end hotels in the whole globe. These organizations fastened their development of the group, and by 2000, 3.4 million tourists’ remains visitin g Dubai every calendar. Towards the start of the millennium, Dubai’s tourism group started developing at an almost quicker speed. Not at all witnessed previously ideal estate schemes introduced Dubai international awareness. The Burj-Al-Arab, that started operation during 1999 was the initial 7 star hotel in the globe. The Palm Island schemes, commenced in 2002, remained the initial of that type. Foreign currency remained received in Dubai as rich tourists visited to live at its classic hotels, or to buy a few of its worthy waterfront assets. Between 2006 and 2010, the figure of hotel beds increased at a yearly proportion of near to 10%. Improving distribution caused hotel renting to shift from 82.2% in 2007 to 66.8% in 2009. The size of Dubai’s Global Airport remained expanded during this time. Analysis Size, ownership and employees The tourism industry owned by the DTCM is expected to develop with almost a 15% of the nation’s GDP in the next ten years and have a value of Dh 277.8 billion (US$75.62bn) yearly. However, the 2007-2009 financial disaster remained specifically a shock on Dubai’s tourism group, as its concern on great destination expatriate tourists left it at risk when international demand declined. Accommodation in hotels reduced to 19% from 2007-2009 and income for each accessible cube reduced from $235 in 2007 for a night to $163 for a night in 2009. During 2010, nevertheless, the group started reestablishing; renting increased by 3%, and income for each accessible cube went up by $35 for a night. Ideal GDP increase for travel and tourism economy was -17.8% in 2010. Despite the previous changes, the now scheme path will witness Dubai developing its hotel cube size by higher than any other town in the globe (Scott, 2010:76). The tourism industry in Dubai has shown increased growth in the number of people employed each year with the figure rising from 166,000 people to 173,000 people, and its expected to grow up to 236 ,000 people in a year in the coming ten tears. Currently 98 million people have employed in the industry. Structure of the industry The tourism industry in UAE constitutes a very competitive market structure with very many airlines in the nation. The competition leads to creativity and innovation in a bid to compete in the market for long. During 2010, Dubai’s hotels had the greatest income for each accessible cube in the globe costing $198 and Dubai attained position 10th in the globe considering the renting rate of 78.6%. During 2008, Dubai remained recognized like

Airline Regulation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Airline Regulation - Essay Example The first major benefit the airline industry would gain would be the safety of its passengers. Section 601(b) of the FA Act specifies, in part, that when issuing certificates, the FAA shall give full consideration "to the duty resting upon air carriers to perform their services with the highest possible degree of safety in the public interest . . ."  Why? Because safety is also related to profitability of an airline company! The first step would be to establish the fact that safety issue is not just about accidents, it is also about prevention. Accidents are few but they cost the company a lot of money in terms of insurance payment as well as bad publicity. In a study made by Mitchell and Maloney ( 1989) it was revealed that â€Å"found that share price falls can be attributed both to the projected future costs of higher insurance and to a brand name effect associated at-fault attribution â€Å" ( qtd from. Button,1997 ). Bad publicity is bad marketing and people lose trust in a certain carrier that is involved with frequent accidents. If management wants to avoid costs, then it must pay attention to its safety programs. The best possible way to change the management’s view about safety is to make a presentation that would justify safety as a way to minimize future costs. I would ask a group of industry specialists on safety to present to the management the benefits of safety to our company and relate it to financial matters. The only problem with the implementation of safety is that some airlines do get favorable treatment from the government. Popular participation from citizens such as lobbying in Congress as well as writing the government should put pressure to the government to be more tight in its monitoring and control of private airline companies. It is not evil to make profit out of rendering service, that is free trade. However, profit is not

What do banks really do Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

What do banks really do - Essay Example Commercial banks are financial institutions that provide loans, savings and deposits accounts as well as transactional services to entities and individual members of a country. On the other hand, Central Bank is a supreme monetary bank in any country, which regulates and controls economic as well as monetary affairs in a specific country. Central Banks regulates money supply via specific monetary and non-monetary policies to maintain stable and robust macroeconomic environment. This is in order to enhance sustained economic growth and development across different sectors in the economy. Central banks and commercial banks play distinct roles in the economy. In general, the central banks supervise all financial institutions including commercial banks and advices government on what policy action to pursue to maintain robust and stable macro economic environment. Commercial banks provide both monetary and non-monetary services to members of the public and different entities (companies, s ocieties and institutions). To understand the roles of banks in any given country, it is important to state and explain the different roles that different banks play. Therefore, this discussion is divided into two main parts. The first part describes the roles of central banks in any given economy and the second part describes the roles of commercial banks.... They are the only banks with legal mandate to create and issue currencies inform of notes and coins. Central banks are responsible for regulating quantity of all notes and coins issued. They also protect internal and external value of national currency (Backhaus, 2005). Before the central banks issue notes and coins, it must fulfill certain requirements to avoid inflation, currency devaluations and shortage of money in the economy among others. For example, it must keep reserves against all the coins and notes issued at any given time. As a sole issuer of legal tender, central banks easily control credit creation, maintain confidence of the people because it has government backing and recognition, and ensure that all currencies issued are uniform and acceptable. Secondly, central banks act as a bank, an agent and an advisor of banks as well as other financial institutions. Central banks act as lender of last resort. This happens when commercial banks fail to secure loans or advances from other financial institutions to run it banking operations. IMF (2008) asserts that central banks provide funding to financial institutions as lender of last resort to restore confidence in the banking system and avoid fire sales of banks assets by providing liquidity to financial institutions. Central banks also act as custodians and clearing agent for commercial banks. Central bank collects statistical information regularly on matters touching money, public debt, inflation, foreign exchange, trade policies, government securities as well as banking among other information. The information collected and analysed by central banks is disseminated to relevant financial institutions to assist them make informed choices on what strategies to

Toxic hazards and Risk Asbestos Consumers Essay

Toxic hazards and Risk Asbestos Consumers - Essay Example (Pass, 2008)The paper shall look at the hazardous levels of this substance and how dangerous it is to the public. The reason why this chemical threat was chosen was that there are certain health related complications that can arise out of exposure to this substance. There are series of governmental and non governmental bodies that have addressed the issue of asbestos as a chemical threat today. For instance taking the example of EPA; the latter body has formed smaller groups to tackle the asbestos challenge and some of them include the Office of Air and Radiation Planning Standards. This Office is in charge of ensuring that air quality within the US is in order. This implies that the latter body is also in charge of the all the asbestos standards allowable in the atmosphere. Additionally, the Office of Prevention of Pesticides and Toxic substances is also accredited with the standards for training professionals exclusively in the field of asbestos. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration group is largely responsible for ensuring that workers are protected against asbestos use and that overall safety plans in various companies comply with regulations. Additionally, the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry is largely responsible for ensuring that the public is informed about the risk of exposure to this product. It is also in charge of the health care concerns that can arise as result of exposure to asbestos. Consequently, as it can be seen from the latter agencies, the issue of asbestos as a hazard is a cause for concern given the fact that most of these agencies have been given task of dealing with it. (OSHA, 2008) Section 2 It should be noted that exposure to this chemical threat can present very severe consequences in terms of one's health. It may include any of the following categories of health threats; Mesothelioma Lung cancer Asbestosis Mesothelioma is a form of cancer that attacks the lining of sensitive organs in the body such as the heart, lungs, chest, abdomen etc. This form of cancer is particularly difficult to detect because most of its symptoms usually show up years after exposure. Lung cancer is also another health related concern and is one of the leading causes of death with regard to asbestos. This form of health complication usually attacks those people who work in asbestos rich areas such as mines, mills, constrictions etc. However, even the general public may be affected by it when air quality standards fall below par. When one suffers from lung cancer, they usually begin coughing, feeling chest pains, experiencing anemia and shortness of breath. (Pass, 2008) The other notorious health complication associated with exposure to asbestos is asbestosis. This is a disease of the lungs that is categorized as a long term one. Most of the people who suffer from this disease are those ones who inhale asbestos fiber. What happen is that the fibers lodge passages in the lungs and prevent the lung from fully performing its functions. When one is suffering from asbestosis, then they are likely to depict crackling sounds from the lungs, shortness of breath and inhalation problems, this form of attack is particularly detrimental owing to the fact that there are currently no know cures for the disease. In fact, the disease can lead to a very slow but painful death. All in all, when people are highly exposed

Chrysler Electrical Cars Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Chrysler Electrical Cars - Essay Example It uses a 268 horsepower electric motor and has a gas tank that can hold 10 gallons of gasoline for providing an extended range. The Chrysler town is powered by a 255 horsepower electric motor and a two-cylinder gasoline engine. It has a gas tank that can hold up to nine gallons of gasoline. The fiat 500 E which was launched in Los Angeles Auto show in the year 2012 has an electric battery propulsion control system, High voltage battery plus in charging system, an advanced thermal management system and air bags. It was designed so as to improve the performance of the electric cars and competition to the General Motors Volt and Spark and the Ford Focus electric. Several changes were made including changing the 500 ICE powering unit, fitting a new chassis and suspension for the improvement of the driving dynamics and enhancing the aerodynamics. The aerodynamics of the Fiat 500 E was improved by re-sculpturing the front and the rear fascias. The quarter panels feature concave dimples and the rear fascia includes several round holes. The rear spoiler was tested for over 140 hours in a wind tunnel so as to cut the drag and add five additional miles of the mile per gallon range. The Fiat 500 E features a Smartphone application that is available for both android and apple oper ating systems. The Smartphone application is aimed for managing the charging, tracking energy usage, locating the vehicle and charging stations that are nearby. The Smartphone application also provides real time status of the vehicle and text message notifications, tracks the use of power and the user or driver can plan and send routes to vehicle (Journal of the ATA electric vehicle interest groups Geelong and Melbourne, issue 45 December 2012) The Iconic Italian design of the Fiat is driven by an 83-Kilowatt electric motor and a Lithium-ion battery (24kw) that is mounted to the floor of the car. The electric motor delivers 147

Social Network Website Design & Justification 2 Assignment

Social Network Website Design & Justification 2 - Assignment Example As it is clear, the user is captivated by the message at the top. They will feel compelled to be part of life savers. After the user is assured that the signup process is simple, it should follow this and be simple as suggested. On clicking link that will lead them to the signup stage, the client should have a good and simple experience in the signup. This should be shown by the way the signup process takes place. As can be seen in figure 2, the sign up process is simple and does not take much of the time. It does not require a lot of details from the client. Just simple facts that is required in the SignUp process. There should also be use of attractive design objects. Most young users like flashy and attractive sites. They are attracted to things that are beautiful. This could be in the beginning of the web page. In figure 3, there is an addition of some graphics that will captivate the user into signing up for the service. By the use the dove, the user will have a feeling that it is for a good cause. The use of the dove has found prominence in religious procedures to signify sympathy and care. The wireframe shown in figure 4 shows a simple way of gramification. This figure shows how the web page can motivate someone to donate blood. Young social site users like such interesting things that will motivate them into registering and filling out the form. This page can be put in the beginning of the website. Another issue is that of giving simple links that are easy to find. This way, the user will not find it hard to get the link that will lead them to the site that they are to register. In figure 4, the user will click on the images in order to undertake the registration. In the design of the website, there is a need to include the various types of users and blood donors. From figure 5, the users have been categorized so that it is easier to categorize users in regard to the frequency in which they visit the site. It follows a simple design structure

Employee Relations Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Employee Relations Master - Case Study Example Similarly the conflicts as well as the disagreements in the company could be resolved and structured in a way that any industrial actions or any other forms of disaffections are avoided. The company should also provide a framework which is normative for dealing and the identification of the problematic areas in the company. (Alderman 1992) In this scenario Tim Fraser an employee at the Brinley Financial Services has been a product sales assistant for two years. His main job has been selling the company's products and recording the sales details on a database. He has periodically been visiting websites that are unrelated to his job during his break periods but recently he has however been doing so regularly during the working day. According to him he is only killing time since the other employees do it too. The company has however stopped this activity by issuing a new guideline which states that "Henceforth staff must not use Company equipment for non-work activity. Failure to comply with this policy may expose the employee to disciplinary action and possibly dismissal." One day Tim's supervisor Maxine Tim's supervisor saw that he was on another visit and he therefore decided to suspend him asking him to leave the building pending notice of the disciplinary hearing. On the other hand Tim's colleagues are very angry and they decide to refuse to work until Tim is reinstated. However the company has issued the workers with an official notice to immediately return to their duties and failure to do so could result to their dismissal because of their unlawful action. Strategies that was available to Maxine Salter and the BFS to avoid such a dispute. In the scenario above there are some strategies and styles as well as some disciplinary procedures that the company would have adapted so as to avoid such a dispute. (Ashdown 1993) Managerial styles The company should adapt to managerial styles that are flexible and avoid the arbitrary and the punitive discipline models which are associated with a very hard management styles. The company's management should adapt a reconstructed model which is corrective and which is also associated with the soft management. In such a model there are very few dismissible offences and also the stages that are involved in the procedures gives a lot of opportunity for an employee to reform even though the process due is imperative. By the company adapting such a model it will be seen as very respectable and also fair in all its dealings especially when it comes to disciplinary action on the employees. If this management is appropriately used Maxine Salter who is the supervisor would have given Tim who had been periodically visiting websites that are unrelated to his job during his break periods an opportunity to attend an assistance program in opposition to taking any other form of action such as suspending him in an un-procedural manner. But if the assistance program fails then he should dismiss him if need be and such actions would be perceived to be very legitimate by the external agencies as well as the workforce. This is because the company has taken the initiative to correct the behaviour but no positive results were attained. Disciplinary procedures and rules relating to industrial conflict It is very important the Maxine and the BFS Company to know that any disciplinary proc

James Spencer Essay Example for Free

James Spencer Essay Introduction The conditions for the poor were terrible at the time when Charles dickens wrote the novel a Christmas carol to express his concern about the conditions for these people. At first Charles was going to show his concern by writing a serious pamphlet explaining the conditions people were living in but after much thought he decided a book would be better because he was a famous author. Charles believed this would help by alerting people of the lives the people were living so they would donate to charity at Christmas a time of giving. Paragraph 1 In stave one of the book we are introduced to Scrooge and Jacob Marley. In the first stave scrooge is described as and evil man and also you can tell this from the things he says Every idiot who goes around with Merry Christmas on his lips should be boiled with his own pudding and buried with a stake of holy through his heart. He replied to his nephew after he invited him to Christmas dinner this shows he dose not like Christmas and also he is very rude and is not afraid of sharing his point of view with others. Scrooge is rude to all the people who try to be nice to him in this first chapter from the men who asked for a donation for charity to his employee who asked for Christmas day off to whom he only just excepted say he needs to be in the earlier the next day. When scrooge goes home he sees the ghost of his ex-partner Jacob Marley who tells him he will have to mend his ways or he may end up with a similar fate. Paragraph 2 In stave two Scrooge is visited by the first of the three ghosts of Christmas the ghost of Christmas past. This chapter gives us a lot of important information on scrooge such as his time at school his work for Mr. Feziwig and his relationship that ended when he became obsessed with money I have seen you nobler aspirations fall off one by one until the master-passion, gain, engrosses you. Scrooges fianci e told him when she didnt want to see him anymore because he had changed at the begging of this chapter he is show as a hard working boy in school that didnt really have any friends but had a grate love for his sister. The chapter also tells us about the time he worked for Mr. Feziwig and how he used to have a good time and how he was bad employer because he didnt treat his staff to a good time. Paragraph 3 In stave three Scrooge meets the second of the ghosts the ghost of Christmas present who shows him what over peoples Christmas are like this shows the appalling conditions the Cratchits lived in and how his nephew disrespects him and what he says about him his offences carry their own punishment, and I have nothing to say against his. Fred said after he called a toast to his uncle later on at the meal they all insult scrooge. In this chapter we learn of the great poverty of the Cratchits were they have to share glasses and of tiny Tims illness and how he will die if scrooge doesnt help him. Paragraph 4 In stave for scrooge meets the last of the ghosts the ghost of Christmas future. In this chapter of the book scrooge finds out he has died and he realizes that no one liked him and that his money was not any use to him when he was dead he frightened everyone away from him when he was alive to profit us when he was dead! Ha, ha ha! The pawn broker says as we realizes all of scrooges possessions have been sold when they can no longer be any use to him as he is dead. In this chapter he realizes that being a bad person isnt any good to him and thats its better to be remembered as a good person than a bad one because thats all you have when you die. Scrooge has now changed and wants to be a better person and we see what he dose in the last chapter Paragraph 5. In the last chapter in the book scrooge seems to be happier person he dose this by trying to be nice to other people and by doing good deeds he also apologizes to bob and says a merrier Christmas, bob, my good fellow, than I have given for many a year! Ill raise your salary; endeavor to assist your struggling family. Scrooge said to bob on Christmas day he also gives the Cratchits a turkey anonymously and goes to dinner with his nephew and family this shows that scrooge has changed a lot and also want to be a better person. Conclusion I believe that by the end of the story scrooge is a better person and the only reason he became a bad person was because of his own ignorance to what was going on around him. Charles Dickens is try to tell his rich audience of readers that money isnt every thing and you can have a good time without it but if you do have it you should be generous and try to help over people have a good time and by doing that you will have a good time your self.

The Presidio San Elizario Essay Example for Free

The Presidio San Elizario Essay It is one of the oldest communities in the El Paso Area. The community was established during the late 1700’s. A presidio was built in the area in order to protect the Spanish settlers from the attacking Apache and Comanche Indian raiders. The exact date of when the presidio of San Elizario was first built remains a debate between many local historians. One well known area historian, Metz, writes, â€Å"The original presidio was built around 1773 and that the original chapel was built of mostly adobe and some wood, and took approximately 40 years to construct. Most of the work was done by prisoners, some of them Indian, mostly Apache. (254). As noted by an online source, the presidio itself was surrounded by a double wall of adobe measuring 13 feet tall by seven feet wide. Inside were barracks for soldiers and special officer quarters. Also within the fort were family residences, corrals, store rooms, and a small chapel. This small chapel was built in a box pattern reflecting the early â€Å"European colonialism. † (San Elizario). The chapel has gone through major changes throughout its history, yet still remains close to its original location to this day. As historian John O. West notes, the San Elizario Presidio is often mistaken as a mission. However, the presidio of San Elizario was not created to convert the local natives to Christianity, but in fact was created as a fort or presidio to protect the Camino Real and other area settlements from Apache and Comanche Indian raiders. (19). An online source also notes that the presidio was involved in numerous military engagements and natural disasters which forced its movement many times throughout it’s early history. (Reyes). According to another historian, Douglas Kent Hall, â€Å"The presidio was moved 37 miles up the Rio Grande in 1780 to its current site. † (131). According to another internet source, â€Å"During the early 1830’s the unpredictable Rio Grande River changed course, virtually isolating San Elizario and its surrounding communities as an island in the middle of the Rio Grande. † (San Elizario). After the US-Mexico War of 1846-1848, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed, establishing the Rio Grande River as the boundary between Texas and Mexico. This left San Elizario to become part of what is now the state of Texas. San Elizario is steeped in both Texas, and Hispanic history. Still remaining today, the San Elizario presidio and chapel has moved many times and gone through many changes since its original construction. One online source notes, in 1829, the Rio Grande flooded completely destroying the â€Å"Chapel at San Elizario. † (San Elizario). A different Website points out that the chapel that stands in the same location today was rebuilt in 1882. (Kohut). Another online source notes, the exterior has changed little from its original construction. The main difference was in the change of the front â€Å"facade,† as this added to the, â€Å"early European colonial,† influence on the contemporary construction of the time. A fire destroyed much of the interior of the chapel in 1935. The inside has undergone dramatic changes since then, again reflecting the influence of â€Å"European architectural style. † With â€Å"pressed-tin† covering the original ceiling covers and beams. Several additions have also been made to the exterior of the chapel. For instance, an orchard has been added to the east side of the chapel and the surrounding plaza. More adobe structures have also been added to the surrounding area in order to add to the formality of the area. The formal rectangular patterned streets and building orientation â€Å"reflects the elements of early Spanish colonialism. † In 1944 the chapel was repainted in order to honor the local soldiers who fought overseas in World War II. (San Elizario). A local college student writes in the Borderlands Website that a â€Å"major restoration of the chapel† began in 1993, however much work still needs to be done to the exterior walls of the structure. The Mission Trail Association, which was formed in 1986, has done much work to uphold the heritage of the chapel at San Elizario and other local Missions. Through their hard work, the Socorro and Ysleta missions, along with the San Elizario chapel have retained their beauty and strength through hundreds of years of faith and devotion. (Reyes). With the help of the Mission Trail Association and donations from tourists and local interest in its preservation, the San Elizario chapel can be a monument for many more generations to enjoy. Works Cited Hall, Douglas Kent.

Holiday inn hotel brands in world

Holiday inn hotel brands in world Abstract Holiday inn is one of the best known family of hotel brands in the world. The experience, the quality, the service, the spirit etc, etc its all begins here. With over 2000 hotels on six continents of the world, Holiday Inn has spent the last seventy years welcoming people to a world of comfort, excellence service, quality accommodation and memorable experiences in the best locations on the planet. WHAT EXACTLY IS HOTEL INDUSTRY? Like other industries, the Hotel Industry also needs to explore the opportunities for innovation in order to achieve peripheral service and customer satisfaction. This industry is alone a multi-billion dollar and one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy of recent age. The hotel industry is diverse for people to work in different areas of interest and offer unlimited opportunities. According to the latest statistics of The Time Newspaper, there are approximately 120000 businesses within the commercial sector in Great Britain including hotels, restaurants, cafes, holiday camps, public houses, snack bars, and catering contractors. (Source: www.thetimes100.co.uk) Hotels are service industries. They provide a service to the customer rather than a product. The service consists of looking after people when they are away from home, by providing food, shelter, drink, sleeping accommodation, entertainment and leisure facilities. COMPANY OVERVIEW The Holiday Inn has more than 2,000 hotels in 56 countries worldwide. (Source: http://www.hoteldesigns.net/review/review_412_1.html) The first Holiday Inn Hotel was founded in 1952 by Wilson in USA, for inexpensive family accommodation travelers. The brand name Holiday Inn is now owned by IHG who in turn license it out to franchisees and third parties who operate hotels under management agreements. (Source: http://www.hoteldesigns.net/review/review_412_1.html) STANDARDS Holiday Inn has a history of standards, part of Wilsons original idea. Not meeting these standards may mean a lost franchise. Many of the older Holiday Inn hotels, especially the two-story ones with exterior corridors, have been removed from the Holiday Inn system as franchises expired and rebranded. Some old Holidomes have been rebranded as Best Westerns, Days Inns, and Quality Inns. Holiday Inns boasted air-conditioned rooms, restaurants, meeting rooms, pools, television, direct dial telephone service, piped music and radio, wall to wall carpeting, cocktail lounges, and the Holidex the computerized reservation system that put many Mom and Pop outfits out of business. Millions of road weary business travelers and harried families learned to organize their trips around the ritual of Holidex reservations, knowing that the same room, food, and night-lit pool awaited them down the road. (Source: http://www.hoteldesigns.net/review/review_412_1.html) IN WHAT AREAS THE ORGANISATION HAVE STRATEGIC PLANS AND WHAT ARE THE PLANS? Introduction Businesses are often worried about instantaneous issues and lose sight of their ultimate objectives and goals. Thats why a strategic plan is a virtual necessity for organisations. This may not be a recipe for success, but without it a business is much more likely to fail. A sound plan should: Explain the business to others in order to motivate, inform involve other people. Serve as a framework for decisions. Support performance monitoring and benchmarking. Motivate change, bring innovation and become a vital part for next plan. Strategic planning activities have become a significant source of competitiveness for hotel industry. Decision-makers must be able to integrate strategic initiatives to gain competitive advantage in the face of increasingly volatile technological innovation, customer expectations, and global competition. Strategy maker professionals must learn to integrate strategic and planning as well. While others (Walker, 1992; Schuler, 1990; and Ulrich, 1987) have detailed the models for changing strategies, less work has been done to identify the specific steps of linking strategic practices. Strategic Planning of Holiday Inn Strategic planning determines the major goals of the organization. It provides the foundation for the policies, procedures and strategies for obtaining and using resources to achieve those goals. Policies are broad guides to action and strategies determine the best way to use resources. At the strategic planning stage, the company decides which customers to serve, what products or services to sell and the geographic areas in which the firm will compete. There are more than 220,000 employees in Holiday Inn Corporation worldwide. While every hotelier is branding beds, redecorating and adding amenities, Holiday Inn and Hilton are onto the next hospitality marketing frontier: solicitous employees. Holiday Inn is trying to brand the guest experience by standardizing service with a program called People Notice. As part of the plan, the chain is implementing the new service culture by conducting a three-month hands-on training program that emphasizes going the extra mile for hotel guests. For example, if a housekeeper learns that a guest is missing a wedding anniversary while on the road, that employee can send flowers to the guests room with an anniversary card signed by the staff. If a guest requires medication to be refrigerated, a staffer can follow up by delivering the medicine at the appropriate time with a bottle of water and crackers. Incentives include recognition programs allowing guests and co-workers to laud an employee. Holiday Inn is also participating with internal branding gurus from Northwestern Universitys Forum for People Performance Management and Measurement in a multi-company study seeking to identify employee behaviors that result in customer loyalty. The Forum project intends to put a value on these actions so a company can develop a budget and invest in the behaviors that matter. An external branding campaign is also in the works. â€Å"Anybody can knock off anybody elses bed, do it better, cheaper and easier when it comes to products today,† said Bruce Bolger, the Forums executive director. â€Å"The difficult thing is changing employee behavior, and that is what separates the women from the girls.† Meanwhile, Hilton Hotelslast month took its internal â€Å"Be hospitable† campaign to TV, print and outdoor, via FCB, San Francisco. One objective of the umbrella effort is to communicate to the public that assurances of Hilton quality also apply to sister brands such as Embassy Suites. The efforts random kindness theme was augmented with DVDs, brochures, seminars and other materials provided to employees. Even company orientation packets, health benefit folders and recruiting booths are stamped with the â€Å"Be hospitable† look. â€Å"A lot of hotel advertising today is about the bed but frankly, I dont think people are surprised to find a bed when they check in to their room,† said Jeffrey Diskin, svp-Hilton Brand Performance. â€Å"We want to help you with why you went on a trip, and to do that, we need to focus on what the guest needs. A critical part of that is using our own people.† Kathy Sheehan, travel analyst and svp for Roper Reports, New York, said the idea has merit. â€Å"To differentiate, you have to establish a relationship with the consumer and that means using your people.† That practice, dubbed â€Å"internal branding† or â€Å"leveraging human capital,† is figuring more prominently in marketing plans, said Bolger. Indeed, agencies like Golin/Harris, Chicago; OgilvyOne, New York and human resources consultants like Hewitt and Mercer are establishing disciplines in people performance management for their clients. Draft, Chicago, has also long incorporated internal branding as part of its integrated marketing approach. â€Å"Companies are realizing it not all push-and-tell marketing,† said Tony Weisman, Drafts CMO. â€Å"Co-creation by inviting in the customers and the employees is part of the process.† WHAT DOES THE ORGANISATION DO TO IMPLEMENT THESE PLANS Implementation means more than simply exercising the plan. It means acting on recommendations made during the vulnerability analysis, integrating the plan into company operations, training employees and evaluating the plan. Where Do They Stand Right Now? Review Internal Plans and Policies Documents to look for include: Evacuation plan Fire protection plan Safety and health program Environmental policies Security procedures Insurance programs Finance and purchasing procedures Plant closing policy Employee manuals Hazardous materials plan Process safety assessment Risk management plan Capital improvement program Mutual aid agreements Identify Critical Products, Services and Operations Youll need this information to assess the impact of potential emergencies and to determine the need for backup systems. Areas to review include: Identify Internal Resources and Capabilities Resources and capabilities that could be needed in an emergency include: Personnel fire brigade, hazardous materials response team, emergency medical services, security, emergency management group, evacuation team, public information officer Equipment fire protection and suppression equipment, communications equipment, first aid supplies, emergency supplies, warning systems, emergency power equipment, decontamination equipment Facilities emergency operating center, media briefing area, shelter areas, first-aid stations, sanitation facilities Organizational capabilities training, evacuation plan, employee support system Identify External Resources There are many external resources that could be needed in an emergency. In some cases, formal agreements may be necessary to define the facilitys relationship with the following: Local emergency management office Fire Department Hazardous materials response organization Emergency medical services Hospitals Local and State police Community service organizations Utilities Contractors Suppliers of emergency equipment Insurance carriers WHAT FACTORS DO THEY APPEAR TO TAKE INTO ACCOUNT WHEN DEVELOPING STRATEGY Physical What types of emergencies could result from the design or construction of the facility? Does the physical facility enhance safety? Consider: The physical construction of the facility Hazardous processes or byproducts Facilities for storing combustibles Layout of equipment Lighting Evacuation routes and exits Proximity of shelter areas Human Error What emergencies can be caused by employee error? Are employees trained to work safely? Do they know what to do in an emergency? Human error is the single largest cause of workplace emergencies and can result from: Poor training Poor maintenance Carelessness Misconduct Substance abuse Fatigue Regulatory What emergencies or hazards are you regulated to deal with? Analyze each potential emergency from beginning to end. Consider what could happen as a result of: Prohibited access to the facility Loss of electric power Communication lines down Ruptured gas mains Water damage Smoke damage Structural damage Air or water contamination Explosion Building collapse Trapped persons Chemical release Good salary: The employees expect a good salary from the hotel in return of the work they do. Good salary is the most important need of the internal customer and if this need is fulfilled they are satisfied. Good treatment from the management: Money is not the only need of the internal customer; they also need good treatment from the management. Trust from the management: The management should have faith in their employees; this will increase the confidence level of the employees and will have a positive effect on their work. Promotional opportunities: Most of the employees are ambitious, especially young employees. So they look for promotional opportunities. Promotional opportunities are also one of the essential needs of the internal customer. Various perks: Perks or fringe benefits in other words have an immense effect on the attitude of the staff. By providing special perks to the staff the hotel in a way provokes them to work with their heart, which proves beneficial for the hotel. Job security: Employees need a kind of job security for their future. If the job of the employees is secured then they can work tension free. Good working atmosphere: The working atmosphere of the organisation should be cool. There should be no pressure from anywhere so that the employees feel free to work. EXTERNALCUSTOMERS External customers are those who are the guests of the hotel. The pay the hotel for the services that are provided to them by the hotel. External customers should be provided with good and efficient service so that they become repeat customers of the hotel. NEEDS OF THE EXTERNAL CUSTOMERS Warm welcome from the hotel: First and foremost what external customer need is a warm welcome from the hotel. They should be greeted properly when they arrive in the hotel. Efficient service: Service is the most influential factor for the customers of the hotel. If the service provided by the hotel is efficient and effective it affects the reputation of the hotel in a positive way. The external customers can also recommend the hotel to other people. Friendly environment: The environment of the hotel should be friendly so that the customers feel like home. Some extra benefits if they are repeat customers: If the customers are repeat customers then they should be given some benefits like discounts or special rates, so they feel happy and remain the customers of the hotel for long time. Good facilities: The hotel should provide all the essential and also luxurious facilities for which they are paid for. Reasonable and affordable rates: The customers always expect affordable rates for their stay or meal in the hotel. This can result in making them repeat customers for the hotel. WHAT COULD BE THE POSSIBLE PROCESS Companies obviously need to improve strategy implementation activities, but the pace of these activities and the implementation itself have many problems. Primary objectives are somehow forgotten as the strategy moves into implementation, and the initial momentum is lost before the company realizes the expected benefits. The cause isnt easy to explain, but it can be attributed to a variety of problems. WAYS OF ATTRACTING CUSTOMERS: Advertising: It is a paid form of non-personal presentation and promotion of ideas, goods or services by an identifiable sponsor. Advertising is a purposive communication to external customers. Pricing: Reasonable pricing of the product and services can attract external customers to a certain extent. Channels of distribution: Like transport, stock holding and storage, local knowledge, promotion, display can attract external customers. Sales Promotions: These are marketing activities that stimulate consumer purchasing, and dealer effectiveness, such as displays, shows and exhibitions, demonstrations and various non-recurrent selling efforts not in the ordinary routine. Branding: A brand is a name, term, sign, symbol, or design intended to identify the product of a seller and to differentiate it from those of competitors. Brand names like Hilton, Marriott can often attract external customers to a wide extent. Personal selling: The sales force is an important part of the communication mix. Personal selling is concerned with an individual selling his own ideas of the typical personal sales. Customer loyalty schemes: Customer loyalty schemes can also attract external customers. Customer loyalty schemes like offering a discount cards, offering extra facilities during parties etc are effective attracting the external customers to the hotel. Public relations: Public relations are important to attract external customers. Public relations are all about getting publicity for the product through skilful manipulation of the media. Direct marketing: It is the planned recording, analysis and tracking of customer behaviour to develop relational marketing strategies. CAN THE ORGANISATION PLAN BE IMPROVED OR DEVELOPED Simply put, strategic planning determines where an organization is going over the next year or more, how its going to get there and how itll know if it got there or not. The focus of a strategic plan is usually on the entire organization, while the focus of a business plan is usually on a particular product, service or program. There are a variety of perspectives, models and approaches used in strategic planning. The way that a strategic plan is developed depends on the nature of the organizations leadership, culture of the organization, complexity of the organizations environment, size of the organization, expertise of planners, etc. For example, there are a variety of strategic planning models, including goals-based, issues-based, organic, scenario (some would assert that scenario planning is more a technique than model), etc. Goals-based planning is probably the most common and starts with focus on the organizations mission (and vision and/or values), goals to work toward the mission, strategies to achieve the goals, and action planning (who will do what and by when). Issues-based strategic planning often starts by examining issues facing the organization, strategies to address those issues, and action plans. Organic strategic planning might start by articulating the organizations vision and values and t hen action plans to achieve the vision while adhering to those values. Some planners prefer a particular approach to planning, eg, appreciative inquiry. Some plans are scoped to one year, many to three years, and some to five to ten years into the future. Some plans include only top-level information and no action plans. Some plans are five to eight pages long, while others can be considerably longer. Quite often, an organizations strategic planners already know much of what will go into a strategic plan (this is true for business planning, too). However, development of the strategic plan greatly helps to clarify the organizations plans and ensure that key leaders are all â€Å"on the same script†. Far more important than the strategic plan document, is the strategic planning process itself. REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHY Airey, D. and Johnson, S. (1999), â€Å"The content of tourism degree courses in the UK†, Tourism Management, Vol. 20, pp. 229-35. Higher Education Funding Council for England (2001), Getting Ahead: Graduate Careers in Hospitality Management (HEFCE 01/30 May Report), Council for Hospitality Management Education/HEFCE, Bristol. Impact Skills Network (2002), â€Å"An assessment of skills needs in tourism and cultural industries: Skills dialogues†, July, available at www.impactskillbase.org.uk Jameson, S.M. and Holden, R. (2000), â€Å"‘Graduateness who cares? Graduate identity in small hospitality firms†, Education and Training, Vol. 42 No. 4/5, pp. 264-71. http://www.businessballs.com/freenewbusinessplanstemplates.htm http://www.businessballs.com/freebusinessplansandmarketingtemplates.htm http://marketing.about.com/od/marketingplanandstrategy/Plan_Your_Marketing_Strategy.htm http://www.cambridgestrategy.com/content/business_strategy_audit.php http://www.ichotelsgroup.com/h/d/pc/1/en/c/2/content/dec/pc/0/en/cs.html?cm_re=pcr-_-hmpg-_-n4a=b http://www.largo.com/egov/docs/1253124205_499786.pdf http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/strategic-planning/ http://www.mybusinesstravel.com/strategies/hotel.php#strategys http://managementhelp.org/plan_dec/str_plan/str_plan.htm http://www.hoteldesigns.net/review/review_412_1.html http://www.allbusiness.com/marketing-advertising/branding-brand-development/4673624-1.html www.thetimes100.co.uk

Tom Sawyer Essay -- essays research papers

AN IMAGINATIVE AND MISCHIEVOUS BOY named Tom Sawyer lives with his Aunt Polly and his half-brother, Sid, in the Mississippi River town of St. Petersburg, Missouri. After playing hooky from school on Friday and dirtying his clothes in a fight, Tom is made to whitewash the fence as punishment on Saturday. At first, Tom is disappointed by having to forfeit his day off. However, he soon cleverly persuades his friends to trade him small treasures for the privilege of doing his work. He trades these treasures for tickets given out in Sunday school for memorizing Bible verses and uses the tickets to claim a Bible as a prize. He loses much of his glory, however, when, in response to a question to show off his knowledge, he incorrectly answers that the first two disciples were David and Goliath. Tom falls in love with Becky Thatcher, a new girl in town, and persuades her to get â€Å"engaged† to him. Their romance collapses when she learns that Tom has been engaged before—to a girl named Amy Lawrence. Shortly after being shunned by Becky, Tom accompanies Huckleberry Finn, the son of the town drunk, to the graveyard at night to try out a â€Å"cure† for warts. At the graveyard, they witness the murder of young Dr. Robinson by the Native American â€Å"half-breed† Injun Joe. Scared, Tom and Huck run away and swear a blood oath not to tell anyone what they have seen. Injun Joe blames his companion, Muff Potter, a hapless drunk, for the crime. Potter is wrongfully arrested, and Tom’s anxiety and guilt...

Fitness Training :: essays research papers fc

Most fitness and training facilities now have stability balls, foam rolls, balance boards and other â€Å"fun† toys as part of their conditioning equipment. These are part of a new trend in the strength and conditioning field called â€Å"functional training†. Definition Functional training is the action of training â€Å"function†, a general term that meaning â€Å"role or duty†. Functional training is the science of training the body to meet the specific demands of life and sports. It is based on 1) the principle of specificity and 2) muscle function. The principle of specificity also known as SAID (Specific Adaptations to Imposed Demands) means that the body responds and adapts specifically to the type and amount of physical demands under which it is placed. In other words, you only improve what you’ve specifically trained. Since muscle form dictates the role and function of each muscle, muscle needs to be trained the way it is designed to funct ion. Origin Functional training is nothing new and comes primarily from the rehabilitation field. For many decades, therapists have been experimenting with ways of helping their patients regain function. Their goal is to retrain muscles to work properly using special exercises. In their quest to help their patients to become more functional, they have a developed functional training approach. Traditional vs. Functional Traditional strength training usually consists of trying to develop strength and build muscle through isolating specific muscle groups. This type of training could be called dysfunctional training and only develop segmental strength. Traditional strength training is adequate for building muscle but it does not train the body to meet the specific demands of life and sports. It does not reproduce real life conditions and only serves to create non-functional strength. Peter Twist, Vancouver Canucks Strength and Conditioning Coach, explains: â€Å"Typical strength traini ng attempts to develop the body through a piecemeal approach, isolating specific muscle groups. Worse yet, this is often done with the body unloaded, sitting stationary on a machine while moving one isolated body part through a controlled range of motion, usually in a strict linear, straight ahead motion†. Traditional strength training train isolated muscle function while functional training train the body to work as a unit. The central nervous system is programmed to make the body function as a unit, not to work in terms of isolated muscle function. Functional training is â€Å"functional† since it trains the body the way it has been designed to function.

Benjamin Franklin :: essays research papers

Benjamin Franklin took pride in almost every aspect of his life. There are many instances in which one could call him a vain man. Franklin writes to Ezra Stiles and speaks of his portrait being hung at Yale. Franklin complains that the portraits he has of himself do his stunning features no justice, and are certainly not worthy to be hung at Yale. He suggests that a new portrait be painted. Franklin clearly has issues as to how he will be remembered, and also how obsessed the man is with his looks. He writes, â€Å"I do not think any one of the portraits you mention, as in my possession, worthy of the place and company you propose to place it in. You have an excellent artist lately arrived. If he will undertake to make one for you, I shall cheerfully pay the expense.† This vanity of Franklin’s is presented in his â€Å"Apology for Printers† as well. He argues that printers print silly things not worth reading not because they want to, but because people are uned ucated and like to read mindless garbage. Franklin, in his mind, has set himself on a higher pedestal than the everyday man. He has a better education therefore he is a better person. He writes, â€Å"They sometimes print vicious or silly things not worth reading, it may not be because they approve such things themselves, but because the people are so viciously and corruptly educated that good things are not encouraged.† Franklin also presents a vain attitude toward religion. He goes as far in his letter to Ezra Stiles as to indicate Jesus Christ as merely a good philosopher, and he himself does not care to take the time that religion requires. He believes that he will find the truth for himself. The man put himself above others’ intelligence and beliefs and disregarded them as distractions and wastes of time for him. He says, â€Å"I have, with most of the present Dissenters in England, some doubts as to his divinity; tho’ it is a question I do not dogmatize u pon, having never studied it, and think it needless to busy myself with it now, when I expect soon an opportunity of knowing the truth with less trouble.† Franklin clearly displays his vanity throughout his writings. Benjamin Franklin often used his own sarcastic sense of humor to win over his audience. An example is Franklin’s â€Å"Apology for Printers,† in which he defends himself after accepting and printing a routine announcement of the sailing of a ship with a captain thought to be anticlerical. Benjamin Franklin :: essays research papers Benjamin Franklin took pride in almost every aspect of his life. There are many instances in which one could call him a vain man. Franklin writes to Ezra Stiles and speaks of his portrait being hung at Yale. Franklin complains that the portraits he has of himself do his stunning features no justice, and are certainly not worthy to be hung at Yale. He suggests that a new portrait be painted. Franklin clearly has issues as to how he will be remembered, and also how obsessed the man is with his looks. He writes, â€Å"I do not think any one of the portraits you mention, as in my possession, worthy of the place and company you propose to place it in. You have an excellent artist lately arrived. If he will undertake to make one for you, I shall cheerfully pay the expense.† This vanity of Franklin’s is presented in his â€Å"Apology for Printers† as well. He argues that printers print silly things not worth reading not because they want to, but because people are uned ucated and like to read mindless garbage. Franklin, in his mind, has set himself on a higher pedestal than the everyday man. He has a better education therefore he is a better person. He writes, â€Å"They sometimes print vicious or silly things not worth reading, it may not be because they approve such things themselves, but because the people are so viciously and corruptly educated that good things are not encouraged.† Franklin also presents a vain attitude toward religion. He goes as far in his letter to Ezra Stiles as to indicate Jesus Christ as merely a good philosopher, and he himself does not care to take the time that religion requires. He believes that he will find the truth for himself. The man put himself above others’ intelligence and beliefs and disregarded them as distractions and wastes of time for him. He says, â€Å"I have, with most of the present Dissenters in England, some doubts as to his divinity; tho’ it is a question I do not dogmatize u pon, having never studied it, and think it needless to busy myself with it now, when I expect soon an opportunity of knowing the truth with less trouble.† Franklin clearly displays his vanity throughout his writings. Benjamin Franklin often used his own sarcastic sense of humor to win over his audience. An example is Franklin’s â€Å"Apology for Printers,† in which he defends himself after accepting and printing a routine announcement of the sailing of a ship with a captain thought to be anticlerical.

High School Goals Essay

High School to some is the best part of their lives and to others is the worst part of their life. As for me I believe high school is just about setting goals and achieving them. Personally, I set up three important and motivating yet perceivable individual goals to get me through high school. My First Goal is to not miss more than two days of school in the entire school year. My second goal is to finish my high school career with the 26 credits that I am required if not maybe more. Finally my third high school goal I plan to end high school with a 3.8 Grade Point Average. I believe attendance is essential to a student understanding and success over all in school. This is my first goal. Attending school on a constant basis not only does great for your grades but also without you even noticing it builds in you a strong work ethic and discipline. The best part about attending school regularly is that you make awesome friends while your there. My second high school goal is to finish high school with my required 26 credits. This is very important to me because if I do not have these 26 credits I will not be able to go on to college. Now many students take this for granted and just don’t keep track about their grades. When it comes time to graduate and they cant graduate with their piers its not going to be so funny. If you don’t have enough credits to graduate and you find out I time. You can still fix the problem by just simply going to night school or take extra classes at your school. My third goal is the most important. That’s why I saved it for last. I have to maintain a Grade Point Average of a 3.8 or higher. This is very important to my future. This number is basically what makes or breaks you in a college application (aside from your S.A.T. scores). Having a good grade point average is critical in every student’s career as it opens doors for you with scholarships, grants, etc. In Conclusion, I believe that high school can be a very rewarding time for every young adult if managed properly. Remember to set tangible and  manageable goals for yourself. It is highly important for you not to set up goals that are out of your reach because when you do that. You are setting yourself up for disaster and failure.

Mitch Albom’s Altered View of Life

After Mitch graduated from college, he headed for New York to start working on his dream of being a renowned musician of which he later discovered of failing for the first time in his life. When he lost his favorite uncle to pancreatic cancer, he realized how valuable time is and decided to get a master’s degree in journalism instead of pursuing a career in music. He became a sports writer then became a man driven by career and ambition. He later on became successful that he wrote for sports books, did radio shows and appeared recurrently on TV until he saw his old friend who was also his favorite professor in college, Morrie Schwartz, on TV.   He learned that Morrie had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) which has no cure. When he decided to visit Morrie after so many years of not seeing him, it became a regular weekly meeting for them every Tuesday, talking about life, from which Mitch learned a different perspective, a different view. Morrie told him, â€Å"Dying is only one thing to be sad over Mitch.   Living unhappily is something else.†Ã‚   Morrie also said that people become mean only when they are threatened which is what our culture does then they start looking out only for themselves and make money their god. Morrie made him realize how he has been giving more priority to his work instead of starting a family with his wife Janine.     Mitch realized that he really did need to invest in the human family and in people as what Morrie advised him.   Morrie showed him how to courageously face things in life even on the verge of death.   Having the last few weeks of Morrie’s life spent with him taught Mitch so many things that he would always hold dear. Mitch learned what mistakes to avoid, what to look out for, when to pay attention to his loved ones and hear them as if it were for the last time.   Morrie also made him understand that there is no such thing as â€Å"too late† for anything in this life. WORKS CITED Albom, Mitch. Tuesdays with Morrie. New York: Doubleday,1997               

Art 100 Paper

Corrine Roe 1,012 words Art 100 4/8/12 Aesthetics Learning Object The first two pictures that are being compared are Shirin Neshatb â€Å"Allegience with Wakefulness† 1994 and Jasper Johns â€Å"Three Flags† 1958. In the â€Å"Allegience with Wakefulness† is instrumentalist. It is instrumentalist because it is the writing on this person’s feet is not English and there is a gun between the person’s feet. This might be taken as things that are different from what we are used to be taken as threat.American people in general have a closed minded way of looking at things. The other aesthetic perspective for this art piece that are noted is linguistic. Linguistic are has symbols as well and the gun could also be seen as a symbol. It has words written in it too specifically on the feet. This artistic piece is powerful because it can have so many meanings to it and can mean many things to many different people. â€Å"Three Flags† is a linguistic pai nting. It is obvious that this is a linguistic painting because it is the American flag. The American flag is tied strongly to American culture.It is a symbol of our freedom. Imitationist is the next aesthetic perspective that is seen in this paper, obviously because it looks just like the American flag. The American flag looks like it is popping of the page because of the way they get smaller as they move forward. Both of these art pieces have a strong message behind them. The first one, â€Å"Allegience with Wakefulness† has a language in it that most Americans would not be able to understand. It also has a gun which could mean a lot of different things in this particular picture. The second picture â€Å"Three Flags† is pretty much the opposite of that.It is very recognizable for everyone in the American culture. It stands for freedom our freedom. The next two paintings that are compared are â€Å"Mystic Package† by Claudio Bravo in 1967 and â€Å"Rabbitâ₠¬  by Jeff Koons in 1986. The â€Å"Mystic Package† is an imitationist piece of art. It is imitationist because it looks like a regular package that could see pretty much anywhere. This art piece could also be known as linguistic. It is a linguistic aesthetic because it has strong social ties to our everyday lives. Most people get gifts in packages or important thing they have ordered or thing they bought just for fun.We usually associate a package with a good thing. The â€Å"Mystic Package† has a special hyper-realistic quality about it that makes look like it is an actual package. â€Å"Rabbit† is formalist piece of art. It is formalist because it has a modern design. It almost looks robotic and has a futuristic quality about it. The artist pays extra attention to the shape and details like the rabbit’s ears and how the rabbit is holding a carrot. This art piece could also be known as expressionist. When people see rabbits they often think of pets tha t they have had or think of rabbits hoping threw the forest.People usually have happy feelings when it comes to rabbits and other animals. In the art piece â€Å"Mystic Package† it is something we see all of the time. It’s a common package that we use to ship things. In the â€Å"Rabbit† art piece it is the exact opposite. It is something that we do not normally see. We see rabbits but not in shiny balloon form. It looks like a robot more than anything. That is why it is so futuristic looking. In conclusion art has a lot of different aesthetic perspectives. Art is unique in its own way and makes a different impression on everyone who sees it.Someone may disagree with the aesthetic perspectives that are above but they seem to make the most sense. When you use instrumentalist to describe a piece of art that is used to make people think and have a purpose behind them. Linguistic is art tied to culture and has symbolism. Imitationist art is tied to something that ac tually exists in everyday life. Formalist art is that focuses on texture, color, shape and modernism. Expressionist evokes feelings. Usually things in the art make you feel happy or sad or mad or something like that. Aesthetic perspectives change with every person.Not everyone feels or thinks the same way we they look at a piece of art. Things mean different things to different people. Like someone from another country would not have such a close tie with the art with the American flag in it. Someone who understands the language written on that persons feel might feel something different when they look at the picture then someone who cannot read it. Being able to understand what is written might help the picture make the picture mean something totally different than what someone else gets out of it.The art with the package might mean something totally different from one person to the other. They might not even understand how some people get what they get out of it. The picture with the shiny rabbit might not seem futuristic to one person like it does for another. One person could totally not even understand how one person sees something from a piece of art. When something is imitationist usually everyone who sees the painting can understand why it is that way. Usually it is something that people commonly see in everyday life, unless someone has not seen that object in their life.People experience different things in their live and that can influence what they see or feel from a piece of art. Sometimes people see something that other people do not understand but that is their perspective and no one can really tell them that they are wrong. It is all about your experiences and no one can tell that what you are seeing is wrong because art is interpreted by the people seeing it. Some people have experienced things that other people have not so they can look at things in different ways than others.

Particle Accelerators

What are particle accelerators used for? A particle accelerator is a device that uses electric fields to propel electrically charged particles in a vacuum, which approach the speed of light, towards each other and collide. The result hopefully being that the kinetic energy in the particles and other energy converted into subatomic particles or various types of nuclear radiation. There is more than one type of particle accelerator; they come in two basic types: †¢Linear †¢Circular Linear Accelerators The linear accelerator, or linac, uses microwave technology to accelerate electrons in a part of the accelerator called the â€Å"wave guide†. Particles pass through a line of hollow metal tubes enclosed in an evacuated cylinder. Within a hollow conductor there is no electric field so a charged particle travels at constant speed inside each of the tubes. Between one tube and the next there is a potential difference which varies in size and direction as an AC voltage is applied to the series of tubes. Bunches of charged particles are accelerated from tube to tube, moving with the voltage wave as it travels along the linac. The largest linac in the world, at Stanford University, is 3. 2km long. It is capable of accelerating electrons to an energy of 50 GeV. Stanford’s linac is designed to collide two beams of particles, accelerated in turn by the linac and temporarily kept in storage rings. The two most important problems in the linac design are the accelerator cell voltage flatness and the transverse mode impedance of the cell. Disadvantages †¢The device length limits the locations where one may be placed. †¢A great number of driver devices and their associated power supplies is required, increasing the construction and maintenance expense of this portion. If the walls of the accelerating cavities are made of normally conducting material and the accelerating fields are large, the wall resistivity converts electric energy into heat quickly. On the other hand superconductors have various limits and are too expensive for very large accelerators. Cyclotron The cyclotron was the first circular accelerator. A cyclotron is somewhat like a linac wrapped into a tig ht spiral. Instead of many tubes, the machine has only two hollow vacuum chambers, called dees, that are shaped like capital letter Ds back to back. A magnetic field, produced by a powerful electromagnet, keeps the particles moving in a curved path. The potential difference between the dees constantly alternates in direction, so that every time the particles reach the gap they experience a forward acceleration. Within each dee the particles travel at constant speed during each half-revolution. As the particles gain energy, they spiral out towards the edge of the accelerator, where finally they exit. Advantages of the Cyclotron †¢Cyclotrons have a single electrical driver, which saves both money and power, since more expense may be allocated to increasing efficiency. Cyclotrons produce a continuous stream of particle pulses at the target, so the average power is relatively high. †¢The compactness of the device reduces other costs, such as its foundations, radiation shielding, and the enclosing building. The world’s most powerful cyclotron, the K1200, is capable of accelerating nuclei to an energy approaching 8 GeV . Synchrotron The synchrotron is the most recent and most powerful member of the accelerator family. It consists of a tube in the shape of a large ring through which the particles travel; the tube is surrounded by magnets that keep the particles moving along the centre of the tube. The particles enter the tube after already having been accelerated to several million electron volts. They are accelerated at one or more points on the ring each time they make a complete circle around the accelerator. To keep the particles in a rigid orbit, the strengths of the magnets in the ring are increased as the particles gain energy. In a few seconds, the particles reach energies greater than 1 GeV and are ejected, either directly into experiments or towards targets that produce a variety of elementary particles when struck by the accelerated particles. The synchrotron principle can be applied to either protons or electrons, although most of the large machines are proton-synchrotrons. Differences between Cyclotron and Synchrotron †¢Synchrotron has a single ring unlike the cyclotron which has two. †¢Synchrotron is surrounded by magnets, cyclotron has two magnets in all. †¢Synchrotron accelerates the particles at one or more places as opposed to cyclotron which accelerates the particle with the potential difference between the two dees. †¢Synchrotron is much cheaper way to achieve high energy particles than the cyclotron and therefore the original cyclotron method is no longer used. Particle Detectors Particle Detectors are instruments used to detect and study fundamental subatomic particles and are one of the most important pieces of equipment in the particle accelerator. The particle detector sees the particles and the radiation after the collision created by a particle accelerator. Geiger Counter A â€Å"Geiger counter† usually contains a metal tube with a thin metal wire along its middle, the space in between them sealed off and filled with a suitable gas, and with the wire at about +1000 volts relative to the tube. It measures ionizing radiation, and detects photons, alpha, beta, and gamma radiation, but not neutrons. An ion or electron penetrating the tube tears electrons off atoms in the gas, and because of the high positive voltage of the central wire, those electrons are then attracted to it. In doing so they gain energy, collide with atoms and release more electrons, until the process snowballs into an â€Å"avalanche† which produces an easily detectable pulse of current. With a suitable filling gas, the flow of electricity stops by itself, or else the electrical circuitry can help stop it. The instrument was called a â€Å"counter† because every particle passing it produced an identical pulse, allowing particles to be counted but not telling anything about their identity or energy. Cloud Chamber The fundamental principle of the cloud chamber was discovered by the British physicist C. T. R. Wilson. The cloud chamber consists of a vessel several centimetres or more in diameter, with a glass window in the top and a movable piston forming the lower side. The piston can be dropped rapidly to expand the volume of the chamber. The chamber is usually filled with dust-free air saturated with water vapour. Dropping the piston causes the gas to expand rapidly and causes its temperature to fall. The air is now supersaturated with water vapour, but the excess vapour cannot condense unless ions are present. Charged nuclear or atomic particles produce such ions, and any such particles passing through the chamber leave behind them a trail of ionized particles (see Ionization) upon which the excess water vapour will condense. This makes the course of the charged particle visible as a line of tiny water droplets, like the vapour trail left by an aeroplane. These tracks can be photographed and the photographs then analysed to provide information on the characteristics of the particles. A cloud chamber is often operated within a magnetic field. The tracks of negatively and positively charged particles will curve in opposite directions. By measuring the radius of curvature of each track, its velocity can be determined. Heavy nuclei such as alpha particles form thick and dense tracks, protons form tracks of medium thickness, and electrons form thin and irregular tracks. Although the cloud chamber has now been supplanted almost entirely by later devices, it was used in making many important discoveries in nuclear physics. Bubble chamber The bubble chamber, is similar in operation to the cloud chamber. In a bubble chamber a liquid under pressure is kept at a temperature just below its boiling point. The pressure is lowered just before subatomic particles pass through the chamber. This lowers the boiling point, but for an instant the liquid will not boil unless some impurity or disturbance is introduced. The high-energy particles provide such a disturbance. Tiny bubbles form along the tracks as these particles pass through the liquid. If a photograph is taken just after the particles have crossed the chamber, these bubbles will make visible the paths of the particles. As with the cloud chamber, a bubble chamber placed between the poles of a magnet can be used to measure the energies of the particles. Many bubble chambers are equipped with superconducting magnets instead of conventional magnets. Bubble chambers filled with liquid hydrogen allow the study of interactions between the accelerated particles and the hydrogen nuclei.

Melanoma Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Melanoma - Research Proposal Example Exposure to ultraviolet rays (UVA & UVB) rank as the most important factors for development of melanomas. This effected through DNA damage, specifically thymine dimerization leading to oncogenic mutations. It is well known that the incidence of melanoma in Queensland, Australia (50/100,000) is five times that of the UK (10,000), despite the fact that the nearly all cases in Australia occur in people of Scottish and Irish descent. This clearly points out to solar exposure as the prime factor in it causation. Although tanning beds (Berwick 507) and sunscreens have been implicated as a possible causative factor, no significant statistical evidence has been presented yet. Additional risk is also seen in red-headed and fair-skinned people, people with multiple dysplastic or atypical naevi, and in a condition called congenital giant melanocytic naevi. 1. Germline Mutations : Apart from the fact that melanoma clusters can be seen in certain families, and melanoma-prone families are well known to have mutations in CDKN2A, CDK4 and other genes. The p16 gene mutation has also been reported in over 25% of familial melanomas worldwide, as well as in about 10 % of sporadic melanomas. It has a low degree of penetrance, and it is likely that sporadic melanoma has a complex pattern of inheritance. Melanoma also has an association with various cancer family syndromes, most notably pancreatic cancer, but also in breast, throat and gastro-intestinal cancers. 2. Somatic mutations : A genetic progression model of the step-by-step transformation of precursor lesions (naevi) to melanomas, or the stages of melanoma progression itself have shown that there are important genetic loci where were changes accumulate. They are mostly due to loss of chromosomal material on multiple loci : chromosomes 1,3,6,9,10,11 and 17 being particularly affected. Somatic mutations on the BRAF gene has also been described in up to 60 % of melanomas. 3. The genetics of the at-risk phenotype : Over the past two decades, as it has become clearer that the fair skin-type and high naevus counts are powerful predictors of melanoma, the hunt for susceptible genes in these at-risk phenotypes has begun. In addition, the propensity to get

Nursing Process Theory Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Nursing Process Theory - Case Study Example Hampe (1975) used her theory to talk about grieving families in a hospital setting. This paper will analyze the theory and try to understand what it means in the context of community health nursing. Orlando developed her theory in the 1950's. It was published the first time in her book, The Dynamic Nurse-Patient Relationship. Her theory was one of the first actually published on nursing process. She later continued her concepts in her second book, The Discipline and Teaching of the Nursing Process. Her original motivation for the work was to discover what the purpose of nursing was. To accomplish that she looked at nurse patient interactions both in the chart and during actual care episodes to determine what the outcomes of those actions were (Faust, 2002). These observations helped her formulate the basic thoughts behind her theory which are that the nurse has the role to discover and meet the patient's immediate needs. The most basic concept is "the nursing process describes the nurse's reactions to patient's behavior as generating a perception, thought and feeling in the nurse and then action by the nurse" (Sheldon & Ellington, 2008, pg1). This theory seems so well designed for nursing. It was when it was written and it seems it would be now. Many researchers as we have noted, have studied it and used it to build their own theory. However, there is nothing in the literature that indicates that the theory has ever been transformed into an actual nursing process. In 1961 Orlando wrote, "the purpose of nursing is to supply the help a patient requires in order for his needs to be met"(Orlando, 1961, pg 8). When you break it down as a nursing process, it becomes behavior of the patient, reaction of the nurse, and nursing action used to benefit the need of the patient. This writer believes that she is still right, that is what nursing is. At the same time, we must realize that Ida Jean Orlando came from a period in which education was only for those who had money and that included nursing education. This made their paradigms meet the needs of education more than the needs of the bedside nurse. She also used retroductive reasoning because she applied what she observed to what she already suspected (McEwen & Wills, 2007). Today it is still evident in some ways as we note that her theories are used more often by education than nursing itself. Her theory is noted among the Grand Theories considering her background and education as well as the time in which she worked. It also does not seem to meet all of the four nursing paradigms (Chinn & Kramer, 2008). She was quite explicit about individuals and nursing but she very briefly mentioned health as a state of well being and considered the environment only in the sense of now. Earlier it was noted that many nursing researchers of today study Orlando's nursing theory and it's applicability to specific types of nursing. The patient in the community may be in great distress and it may not be seen by anyone but the community health nurse. Orlando says that distress comes from unmet needs. Patient behavior needs to be assessed when it occurs. Any behavior may mean a plea for help. The relief of this stress depends on the caring nurse who is willing to participate in the solution of the need. The Community Health Nurse is confronted with this daily and responds